Total testosterone levels are correlated to metabolic syndrome components

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin. Some studies suggest a possible link between low total testosterone (TT) levels and the presence of MetS.

Aim: To analyze the strength and independence of associations between TT and MetS components in non-diabetic men.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 143 non-diabetic men older than 40 were analyzed.

Main outcomes measure: Blood samples were collected to evaluate metabolic profile and TT levels. MetS was defined as the presence of three or more of the following characteristics: fasting blood glucose levels?≥?100?mg/dL, triglyceride?≥?150?mg/dL, HDL-c??102?cm.

Results: Mean age of the study population was 61.5?±?8.61 years old. MetS was present in 47.9% of the individuals. Thirty-four men had low TT and MetS was observed in 23 (70%) against 50 (46%) in those with normal TT (≥?300?ng/dL) (OR 4.94, p?waist circumference (Beta: ?0.395; p?=?0.03) and HDL-c (Beta: 0.19; p?=?0.04) remained significantly correlated with TT levels.

Conclusions: Low TT levels were associated with MetS diagnosis. Abdominal obesity was the MetS component independently correlated to low TT levels.     

当代青年的理想状况及教育对策

青年理想教育是关系民族兴亡、社会主义事业后继有人的教育工程。从当代青年理想的主观状况和客观环境出发,应当把当代青年理想教育与政治教育相统一,把当代青年理想教育与法治教育、道德教育相统一,把当代青年理想教育与社会主义观教育相统一。     

Do All Activities “Weigh” Equally? How Different Physical Activities Differ as Predictors of Weight

In Britain, it is recommended that, to stay healthy, adults should do 150 minutes of moderate‐intensity physical activity every week. The recommendations provided by the U.K. government, however, remain silent in regard to the type of activity that should be done. Using the annual Health Survey for England we compare how different types of physical activities predict a person's weight. In particular, we consider clinically measured body mass index and waist circumference. We document mean slopes emanating from ordinary least squares regressions with these measures as the dependent variables. We show that individuals who walk at a brisk or fast pace are more likely to have a lower weight when compared to individuals doing other activities. Additionally, we highlight that the association between physical activity and weight is stronger for females and individuals over the age of 50. Our overall conclusions are robust to a number of specifications.     

Simple and effective number-of-bins circumference selectors for a histogram

Two very effective data-based procedures which are simple and fast to compute are proposed for selecting the number of bins in a histogram. The idea is to choose the number of bins that minimizes the circumference (or a bootstrap estimate of the expected circumference) of the frequency histogram. Contrary to most rules derived in the literature, our method is therefore not dependent on precise asymptotic analyses. It is shown by means of an extensive Monte-Carlo study that our selectors perform well in comparison with recently suggested selectors in the literature, for a wide range of density functions and sample sizes. The behaviour of one of the proposed rules is also illustrated on real data sets.     

极大路原理与图中的路和圈

设G为n阶2—连通图,顶点v_1,v_2,…,v_n满足d_1≤d_2≤…≤d_n,其中d_i=d(v_i),i=1,2,…,n.本文主要给出周长c(G)≥min{n,m}的如下条件:     

Increased visceral adiposity index associated with sexual dysfunction in men

Objective: Visceral adipose index (VAI) is a novel parameter for the evaluation of visceral obesity. As we know that obesity is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). So, in this study, we compared the VAI levels between the men with ED and without ED.

Materials and method: A total of 177 men were included in the study. Ninety-five men with ED and 82 men without ED (control). All men were evaluated for ED by Index of Erectile Function-5 items (IIEF-5). VAI levels were calculated using body mass index, high density lipoprotein and tryglyceride levels.

Results: Mean age was 53.5 (38–69) in men who have ED and 53.1 (34–69) in control. The men with ED had higher body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) levels, higher waist circumference (WC) and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Mean VAI level was 5.18?±?2.50 in study group and 3.47?±?1.76 in control goup, respectively. VAI levels were statistically higher in men with ED (p?Discussion: The simplicity of WC and BMI measurement and TG and HDL assessment, make VAI an easily applicable index for the evaluation of visceral fat dysfunction. VAI can be useful index for the evaluation and calculation of erectile dysfunction risk.     

Effects of long-term testosterone replacement therapy,with a temporary intermission,on glycemic control of nine hypogonadal men with type 1 diabetes mellitus – a series of case reports

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often associated with obesity and subnormal serum testosterone (T) levels. Until 5 years ago there was no indication that men with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) had subnormal serum T. But recent studies indicate that about 10% of men with T1DM suffer from hypogonadism, as a rule aged men and men with obesity. While hypogonadal men with T2DM benefit from normalization of their serum T, this has not been investigated in men with T1DM. Nine men with T1DM, erectile dysfunction and hypogonadism (total testosterone?≤?12?nmol/L) received testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). In seven men TRT was intermitted: one man with prostate malignancy and six men because of problems of reimbursement. Incidentally, this provided an opportunity to monitor the effects of withdrawal and of the reinstatement of TRT. In all men, glycemic control (serum glucose and HbA_1c), weight, waist circumference, lipid profiles and erectile function improved upon TRT. The seven men whose TRT was intermitted showed a deterioration which improved again upon reinstatement of TRT. The data suggest that aging and obese men with T1DM might have subnormal T levels and that their glycemic control, lipid profiles and erectile function might benefit from TRT.     

当代青年理想信念的现状及教育思路

青年理想教育是关系民族兴亡、社会主义事业后继有人的教育工程。当代青年理想教育主观环境的多元化和客观环境的复杂化决定我们必须:第一、把当代青年理想教育与政治教育相统一;第二、把当代青年理想教育与法治教育和道德教育相统一;第三、把当代青年理想教育与社会主义义利观教育相统一。     

烟台市中老年人体质状况的调查与分析

采用随机抽样的方法于2000年6-8月对烟台市芝罘区、福山区、牟平区的988名(男499人,女489人)中老年人进行了脉搏、血压、肺活量等指标测试,测试对象的年龄为50-69岁,对不同年龄段的测试结果进行了比较分析.     

圆周视阈下的死亡与永恒——解谜狄金森诗歌

美国女诗人艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌如谜语般艰涩难懂。诗中频频出现"圆周"意象,以此作为个体生命的终点和永恒的起点。分析圆周如何衔接有限与无限、探讨圆周内与外的辩证关系,从而建立一个以"圆周"为核心的体系,在时间维度上阐释、解谜狄金森诗歌,挖掘狄金森思想中一以贯之的脉络。