How does distance affect market entry mode choice? Evidence from French companies

The objective of this article is to examine the relevant dimensions of distance for foreign market entry mode choice. Based on a sample of 203 interfirm linkages formed by French multinationals with partners across the world, we analyze the impact of four dimensions of distance on the choice between cooperative alliances and mergers-acquisitions. The findings indicate that administrative and economic distance have a significant influence on market entry mode choice, whereas the impact of cultural and geographic distance is not significant. They further highlight the important role of the host country's government effectiveness for market entry mode decisions.     

Bayesian modelling of catch in a north-west Atlantic fishery

Summary. We model daily catches of fishing boats in the Grand Bank fishing grounds. We use data on catches per species for a number of vessels collected by the European Union in the context of the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization. Many variables can be thought to influence the amount caught: a number of ship characteristics (such as the size of the ship, the fishing technique used and the mesh size of the nets) are obvious candidates, but one can also consider the season or the actual location of the catch. Our database leads to 28 possible regressors (arising from six continuous variables and four categorical variables, whose 22 levels are treated separately), resulting in a set of 177 million possible linear regression models for the log-catch. Zero observations are modelled separately through a probit model. Inference is based on Bayesian model averaging, using a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach. Particular attention is paid to the prediction of catches for single and aggregated ships.     

Estimation of generalized linear latent variable models

Summary.  Generalized linear latent variable models (GLLVMs), as defined by Bartholomew and Knott, enable modelling of relationships between manifest and latent variables. They extend structural equation modelling techniques, which are powerful tools in the social sciences. However, because of the complexity of the log-likelihood function of a GLLVM, an approximation such as numerical integration must be used for inference. This can limit drastically the number of variables in the model and can lead to biased estimators. We propose a new estimator for the parameters of a GLLVM, based on a Laplace approximation to the likelihood function and which can be computed even for models with a large number of variables. The new estimator can be viewed as an M -estimator, leading to readily available asymptotic properties and correct inference. A simulation study shows its excellent finite sample properties, in particular when compared with a well-established approach such as LISREL. A real data example on the measurement of wealth for the computation of multidimensional inequality is analysed to highlight the importance of the methodology.     

A Semi-parametric Regression Model with Errors in Variables

Abstract.  In this paper, we consider a partial linear regression model with measurement errors in possibly all the variables. We use a method of moments and deconvolution to construct a new class of parametric estimators together with a non-parametric kernel estimator. Strong convergence, optimal rate of weak convergence and asymptotic normality of the estimators are investigated.     

左思风力之成因初探

西晋诗人左思的诗风在西晋文坛上独树一帜，称之为“左思风力”，前人对此有较多地论述，然而就诗风形成的原因却缺乏深入地探究。本文试图从社会时代背景、家庭因素、性格特征三个方面对此加以分析，旨在能够更好地把握左思其人及其诗风。     

《红楼梦》80回前后死亡描写之比较

本文主要讨论的是《红楼梦》中重要人物死亡描写的前后比较,以及书中关于死亡意象描写的前后比较。得出的结论是由于作家的生死观、侧重点、创作意图的不同,前80回与后40回中死亡描写的手法是不同的。     

审视经济全球化

由于各国经济发展的不平衡,经济全球化的当代特征表现为三角化、区域一体化和跨国公司的迅速崛起。经济全球化正在改变现有政治格局,推动世界政治朝全球性方向演进并形成全球性的治理机构或协调治理形式。在以发达国家为主导、跨国公司为主要动力的经济全球化过程中,中国作为发展中国家在国际竞争方面处于弱势,这要靠全党全民运用自己的智慧和力量,利用自己已经具备的各种有利条件去应对全球化的挑战。从人类社会经济形态演进的自然历史过程看,经济全球化不过是资本主义的社会化生产和市场全球性扩张的新的历史阶段。从马克思的立场看,全球化将会是资本主义时代的终结,并为社会主义社会的到来做好准备,随全球化而来的将是一个更加美好的新世界。     

"君子"人格的现代文化透视

“君子”作为孔子创立“仁”学体系的物质载体 ,几千年来一直为人们所追求和崇拜 ,它广泛地渗透到人们的观念、行为、思维方式和情感状态之中 ,构成了中华民族的心理基因和性格特征。本文从传统“君子”人格的构成要素与特点 ,结合其对国民心理的影响 ,对之进行现代价值评估     

流行语的界说与初步描写

文章紧扣当代语言生活的现实，以一般现代汉语教材和语言学词典未列或语焉不详的流行语作为考察对象，着重论述和分析了流行语这种跨层级的语言现象的来源、表现形式及其特征，同时还剖析了目前流行语使用上的若干倾向及其原因。     

“决裂”：知识分子革命者成长的悲壮场景——以《咆哮了的土地》《田家冲》《在医院中》《青春之歌》为中介

“知识分子革命”作为20世纪中国文学的流行主题,表达了知识分子在革命过程中的接纳过程,这一过程的描写成为衡量作品成败的关键。怎样写此过程,它需要场景渲染。场景渲染必不可少的环节就是“决裂”场景建构。革命文学作品中,知识分子革命者最终被革命阵营接纳,它必然有一“决裂”过程。“决裂”意味着新生,“决裂”意味着革命者成熟。但这一“决裂”过程是以牺牲革命者的亲情、友情甚至爱情为代价的。这显示出革命文学“决裂”场景的悲壮性。本文以《咆哮了的土地》《田家冲》《在医院中》《青春之歌》为评价中介,试图对20世纪20年代至50年代的“决裂”场景进行描述:知识分子革命者的牺牲有最终的价值取向,即重新确定他/她的血统和身份,变成真正无产阶级革命者身份。