Factor Structure and Reliability of the Advantages of Children Scale with Latino and Caucasian Male Emerging Adults

Abstract

Based on the value of children theory, the purpose of this study was to develop and establish the factor structure and internal consistency reliability of the Advantages of Children Scale (ACS), a self-report measure of a modification of Hoffman and Hoffman’s value scheme of the psychological needs children meet for their parents. Data were collected from 685 emerging adult men identifying as Latino or Caucasian who were not parents. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis found a good fit for the six hypothesized subscales on the ACS: connectedness, expansion of self, family heritage, adult status and social identity, development of self, and family maintenance. We discuss potential applications of the measure in research and practice.     

领导者中庸思维与组织绩效:作用机制与情境条件研究

中庸思维作为中国传统文化中最为突显的思维方式之一,近年来在心理学领域引起了学者们的重视,但是将中庸思维应用于领导理论并分析高层领导者的中庸思维对组织绩效影响机制的研究却很鲜见。本文以高层领导者的中庸思维为自变量,在对其概念进行归纳和界定的基础上,从理论上论证了其对于组织绩效的影响作用,以及组织两栖导向在其中所起到的中介作用和不同情境条件下组织两栖导向对组织绩效影响程度的变化,并运用中国企业层面的数据对所提出的假设进行了验证。研究结果显示:高层领导者的中庸思维对组织两栖导向和组织绩效具有显著的正向影响,组织两栖导向在中庸思维与组织绩效之间起着部分中介作用。员工间的联结性与部门间的相依性在两栖导向与组织绩效之间起着协同调节作用,两栖导向、员工间相依性和部门间联结性之三维交互对组织绩效产生正向影响。研究结果表明,企业高层领导者不仅要通过多方思考、和谐性和整合性之中庸思维来提高组织绩效,而且要通过建立组织的利用和探索之两栖导向,以及建立员工间的联结性和部门间的相依性这两种组织协调机制,提高组织利用现有资源和开发新机会的能力,从而提高组织绩效。     

A construction of repeated measurements designs with balance for residual effects

Families of Repeated Measurements Designs balanced for residual effects are constructed (whenever the divisibility conditions allow), under the assumption that the number of periods is less than the number of treatments and that each treatment precedes each other treatment once. These designs are then shown to be connected for both residual and direct treatment effects.     

A second look at Krackhardt's graph theoretical dimensions of informal organizations

Krackhardt (1994) proposed four dimensions to describe and measure the amount of hierarchy in networks of informal organizations. We examine these conditions, suggest some relaxations and prove that they are both necessary and sufficient to guarantee an arborescence (or out-tree). In addition we suggest situations some of which are outside of informal organizations in which fewer of the conditions can be used to capture the hierarchical tree structure.     

Minimum breakdown designs in blocks of size two

In scientific investigations, there are many situations where each two experimental units have to be grouped into a block of size two. For planning such experiments, the variance-based optimality criteria like A-, D- and E-criterion are typically employed to choose efficient designs, if the estimation efficiency of treatment contrasts is primarily concerned. Alternatively, if there are observations which tend to become lost during the experimental period, the robustness criteria against the unavailability of data should be strongly recommended for selecting the planning scheme. In this study, a new criterion, called minimum breakdown criterion, is proposed to quantify the robustness of designs in blocks of size two. Based on the proposed criterion, a new class of robust designs, called minimum breakdown designs, is defined. When various numbers of blocks are missing, the minimum breakdown designs provide the highest probabilities that all the treatment contrasts are estimable. An exhaustive search procedure is proposed to generate such designs. In addition, two classes of uniformly minimum breakdown designs are theoretically verified.     

Strengthening Australian Families: Socioeconomic Status,Social Connectedness,and Family Functioning

Abstract

Social connectedness has been promoted as one factor that may facilitate optimal functioning for families experiencing economic adversity. Using data from 218 Australian families, the current study explored the relative importance of social connectedness to the functioning of economically diverse families. Overall, results indicated similar levels of social connectedness and family functioning across low- and high-income groups. However, important differences were identified with regards to the relative contribution of social connectedness to the functioning of families across the economic spectrum. Clinical implications arising from these findings include the potential benefit of exploring social connectedness as a routine part of clinical assessment and ongoing intervention for families experiencing economic vulnerability.     

关于L-模糊拓扑群研究的一些进展

本文是关于L－模糊拓扑群研究结果的综述，我们简要回顾了从L－模糊拓扑群概念的提出直到现在的所有重要的研究成果，并给予一些评论．