高职学生网上评教数据的修正与优化处理研究

针对高职学生网上评教存在的问题,采用评教验证机制设置不合理评教的限制。对学生评教数据先剔除异常值,再分别对不同班级、不同课程和不同院系之间的学生评教数据进行修正与优化处理,得出最终的修正分值,降低了因班级、课程和院系的不同而导致的评教数据的差异性,使学生的网上评教能更准确有效的反应出教师的教学水平。     

Developing ethical approaches to data and civil society: from availability to accessibility

This research note reflects on the gaps and limitations confronting the development of ethical principles regarding the accessibility of large-scale data for civil society organizations (CSOs). Drawing upon a systematic scoping study on the use of data in the United Kingdom (UK) civil society, it finds that there are twin needs to conceptualize accessibility as more than mere availability of data, as well as examine the use of data among CSOs more generally. In order to deal with the apparent “digital divide” in UK civil society – where, despite extensive government rhetoric about data openness, organizations face not only the barriers of limited time, funds, and expertise to harness data but also the lack of representation within existing data – we present a working model in which ethical concerns accompanying data utilization by civil society may be better accounted. This suggests there is a need for further research into the nexus of civil society and data upon which interdisciplinary discussion about the ethical dimensions of engagement with data, particularly informed by insight from the social sciences, can be predicated.     

大数据背景下基于社交网络的聚类随机游走抽样算法研究

数字经济时代,社交网络作为数字化平台经济的重要载体,受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。大数据背景下,社交网络的商业应用价值巨大,但由于其网络规模空前庞大,传统的网络分析方法 因计算成本过高而不再适用。而通过网络抽样算法获取样本网络,再推断整体网络,可节约计算资源, 因此抽样算法的好坏将直接影响社交网络分析结论的准确性。现有社交网络抽样算法存在忽略网络内部拓扑结构、容易陷入局部网络、抽样效率过低等缺陷。为了弥补现有社交网络抽样算法的缺陷,本文结合大数据社交网络的社区特征,提出了一种聚类随机游走抽样算法。该方法首先使用社区聚类算法将原始网络节点进行社区划分,得到多个社区网络,然后分别对每个社区进行随机游走抽样获取样本网 络。数值模拟和案例应用的结果均表明,聚类随机游走抽样算法克服了传统网络抽样算法的缺点,能够在降低网络规模的同时较好地保留原始网络的结构特征。此外,该抽样算法还可以并行运算,有效提升抽样效率,对于大数据背景下大规模社交网络的抽样实践具有重大现实意义。     

实现公有制与市场经济有效结合的四大层次

因所有制关系是生产关系的总和,所有制必须实现在社会生产再生产的过程之中,因此,我们必须从四大层次实现公有制与市场经济的有效结合。一是所有制结构层次。保持公有制主体地位是保证社会主义市场经济体制有效运作的基础,要大力发展多种所有制经济。二是公有制实现形式层次。更新公有制的微观实现形式,更新公有制的宏观实现形式。三是企业制度层次。建立国有资产出资人制度,合理配置股权,强化所有者约束功能,加强治理结构中的权利组织建设,建立权责分明的组织体系。四是社会剩余产品分配层次。按劳分配与按生产要素分配相结合是通过三个层次实现的:微观经济领域的运行层次,微观经济领域中的所有制结构层次,宏观经济运行层次。     

近代中国整合中西文化冲突的价值选择模式及现代启示

中国近代文化变迁的过程 ,在一定意义上表现为中西文化的冲突与整合的过程。为整合中西文化冲突 ,近代中国先后采取了文化传统主义、文化折中主义、文化虚无主义与文化综合创新等价值选择模式。近代文化整合的经验教训启示我们 ,在新时期文化建设问题上 ,必须正确处理文化的一元与多元、整体性与可分性、时代性与民族性的关系 ,坚持走综合创新之路     

论所用权 --与民法所有权的比较分析

所有权是民法 (外 )物权的核心 ,而所用权则是经济法 (内 )物权的核心。创设所用权具有重大的理论意义和实践意义 ,因为这是在财富创造的竞争中赋予人们一种新的权利并使之得到法制的保障 ,这有利于我们坚持“发展才是硬道理”的原则 ,从而把我国的经济建设搞得更好     

Bayesian analysis of discrete time warranty data

Summary.  The analysis of warranty claim data, and their use for prediction, has been a topic of active research in recent years. Field data comprising numbers of units returned under guarantee are examined, covering both situations in which the ages of the failed units are known and in which they are not. The latter case poses particular computational problems for likelihood-based methods because of the large number of feasible failure patterns that must be included as contributions to the likelihood function. For prediction of future warranty exposure, which is of central concern to the manufacturer, the Bayesian approach is adopted. For this, Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology is developed.     

ASSESSING CONGRUENCEAMONG DISTANCE MATRICES: SINGLE-MALT SCOTCH WHISKIES REVISITED

A test of congruence among distance matrices is described. It tests the hypothesis that several matrices, containing different types of variables about the same objects, are congruent with one another, so they can be used jointly in statistical analysis. Raw data tables are turned into similarity or distance matrices prior to testing; they can then be compared to data that naturally come in the form of distance matrices. The proposed test can be seen as a generalization of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence to any number of distance matrices. This paper shows that the new test has the correct rate of Type I error and good power. Power increases as the number of objects and the number of congruent data matrices increase; power is higher when the total number of matrices in the study is smaller. To illustrate the method, the proposed test is used to test the hypothesis that matrices representing different types of organoleptic variables (colour, nose, body, palate and finish) in single‐malt Scotch whiskies are congruent.     

Multivariate outlier detection in incomplete survey data: the epidemic algorithm and transformed rank correlations

Summary.  As a part of the EUREDIT project new methods to detect multivariate outliers in incomplete survey data have been developed. These methods are the first to work with sampling weights and to be able to cope with missing values. Two of these methods are presented here. The epidemic algorithm simulates the propagation of a disease through a population and uses extreme infection times to find outlying observations. Transformed rank correlations are robust estimates of the centre and the scatter of the data. They use a geometric transformation that is based on the rank correlation matrix. The estimates are used to define a Mahalanobis distance that reveals outliers. The two methods are applied to a small data set and to one of the evaluation data sets of the EUREDIT project.     

依法办报和质量立刊:高校报刊工作的两个基本点——“‘三标一体’教育质量模型与高校报刊工作”系列研究之一

"依法办报(刊)"和以"质量立(报)刊",是高等学校报刊工作必须遵循的两个基本点;忽略了其中的任何一点,高等学校的报刊工作必然就会遭受挫折。推而广之,一个企业,一所学校,一家报刊,都只有紧紧抓住"依法……"和"质量……"这两个基本点,才能在竞争激烈的当今社会,真正占有自己的一席之地———这就是重庆文理学院"三标一体"教育质量模型先进管理理念的精华之所在。