A General formula for the upper tail significance levels of empirical distribution function test statistics

In this paper ve obtain an asymptotic expression for the upper tail area of the distribution of an infinite weighted sum of chi-square random variables and show how this can be applied to distributions of various goodness of fit test statistics. Results obtained by this general approach are comparable with those reported previously in the literature. In the case of the Cramer-von Mises statistic an empirical adjustment is given vhich significantly improves on previous approximations. For the Kuiper statistic the corresponding empirical adjustment leads to an existing highly accurate approximation.     

Economic and economic-statistical designs of the T2 control charts with SVSSI sampling scheme

Recent studies have shown that the adaptive T² chart with two different sampling interval and three sample sizes (SVSSI) shows a good performance in detecting small to large shifts in the process mean. This paper investigates the economic and economic statistical designs of the SVSSI T² charts. We use the Markov chain approach to developing the cost model proposed by Costa and Rahim (Journal of applied statistics 2001; 28: 875–885). A genetic algorithm approach is used to find the optimal solutions. Using numerical examples, we illustrate the performance of the proposed model and compare the statistical, economic, and economic statistical designs of the SVSSI T² chart with respect to the economic and statistical criteria. Furthermore, we compare the performance of the SVSSI T² chart with the other T² control schemes.     

Economic statistical design of X‾-control charts: Modified version of Rahim and Banerjee (1993) model

Rahim and Banerjee considered a constant integral of the hazard function for all sampling intervals. This led the sampling intervals to depend on the extended first sampling interval (h₁). Since this limitation might not lead to an optimal situation, we first showed that elimination of the mentioned restriction did not cause any significant change in the average quality cycle cost. So if one is looking for an ideal cost and the simplicity of the process, the approach taken in Rahim and Banerjee’s study is the best procedure to adopt. Moreover, in many cases of non-uniform sampling method the first sampling interval becomes so large and this can sometimes lead the production system to the out-of-control state due to unexpected failures that might happen during that time. Therefore, we proposed a new model of uniform and non-uniform sampling intervals combination that allows us to confine the value of h₁ without undergoing high costs. The proposed model showed that the quality cycle cost of the proposed model is lower than Rahim and Banerjee’s model in the economic-statistical state. For more illustration, we conducted sensitivity analysis and gave numerical examples.     

防静电滤材解决纸机液压润滑系统中静电问题

文章介绍了纸机液压、润滑系统发现的静电现象，分析了影响静电积累的因素，列举了目前所知道的产生静电现象的方式，详细描述了一种有效解决静电问题的方法：采用防静电滤材。并给出了相应的成功应用实例，同时，文章还对其他影响静电问题的因素进行了讨论。     

Economic and economic–statistical designs of VSI Bayesian control chart using Monte Carlo method and ABC algorithm

The usual practice in using a Bayesian control chart to monitor a process is done by taking samples from the process with fixed sampling intervals. Recent studies on traditional control charts have shown that variable sampling interval (VSI) scheme compared to classical scheme (fixed ratio sampling, FRS) helps practitioners to detect process shifts more quickly. In this paper, the effectiveness of VSI scheme on performance of Bayesian control chart has been studied, based on economic (ED) and economic–statistical designs (ESD). Monte Carlo method and artificial bee colony algorithm have been utilized to obtain optimal design parameters of Bayesian control chart (sample size, sampling intervals, warning limit and control limit) since the statistic of this approach does not have any specified distribution. Finally, VSI Bayesian control chart has been compared to FRS Bayesian and VSI X-bar approaches based on ED and ESD, separately. According to the results, it has been found that the performance of VSI Bayesian scheme is better than FRS Bayesian and VSI X-bar approaches.     

Animal carcinogenicity experiments with and without serial sacrifice

Commonly used tests to detect carcinogenic potential of a test compound make extreme assumptions about the lethality of tumors, due to their occult nature. In this paper we compare a nonparametric test, which uses interim sacrifice to avoid such assumptions, with these tests using simulation based on the EDOl data. Results indicate that in the presence of a significant difference in the mortality rate with treatment, commonly used methods could fail to maintain the nominal significance level. However, when there is no difference in the mortality rate, such procedures are robust to the underlying assumptions about the lethality of tumors and more powerful than the nonparametric test using interim sacrifice.