广东省生物医药产业集聚水平研究

本文利用 EG 指数和区位商对广东省生物医药产业的总体集聚水平和各地市的相对专业化水平进行了测度,并检验了区位商的统计显著性。研究结果表明：广东省生物医药产业的空间分布在总体上呈现出集聚发展的特征,有5个地区（广州、深圳、珠海、中山和佛山）的专业化水平大于1,其中广州、深圳、中山和珠海的区位商具有统计显著性。     

货币政策传导机制有效性的实证研究

文章选取货币供应量和金融机构年末贷款余额作为货币政策的中介指标变量,以经济增长作为货币政策的最终目标变量,运用动态计量经济学理论,通过对变量的单位根检验,协整检验和因果关系检验,对1978~2004年的数据采用EG两步法建立误差修正模型。研究表明货币政策传导存在明显的时滞,而且货币供应量增长率与贷款余额增长率相比对经济增长率的影响更显著。     

基于EG指数的中国旅游产业集聚研究

集聚状况是旅游产业发展的重要表征,对于制定旅游产业发展政策、促进旅游产业发展具有重要意义。本文采用EG指数法,从区域和部门两个层面分别对2000-2008年我国旅游产业集聚程度进行了定量分析,重点阐释了我国旅游产业集聚程度变化的趋势及原因。研究显示：集聚程度随旅游产业发展阶段不同发生变化;由于旅游产业的特殊性,不能将集聚程度的提升作为旅游产业发展的目标,应该处理好阶段性集聚和扩散的关系;区位条件和外部环境因素会影响会集聚程度变化趋势。     

中日服务贸易与货物贸易相关性的实证研究

本文运用协整检验和Granger因果关系检验,对中日服务贸易与货物贸易的相关性进行了实证检验。结果表明,中日服务贸易、传统服务贸易、现代服务贸易与货物贸易之间均存在长期均衡关系,并且彼此互为Granger因果关系。其中,中日现代服务贸易对货物贸易的影响明显高于传统服务贸易对货物贸易的影响程度。     

制造业集聚和全要素生产率——基于制造业微观数据经验研究

运用1998-2007年中国工业企业微观数据计算了我国31个制造行业集聚指数（EG指数）,采用LP方法估计了企业的全要素生产率（TFP）,考察了制造业集聚与企业TFP的关系。研究发现,制造业集聚程度有逐年提高趋势‘集聚有助于企业全要素生产率的提高;集聚与生产率之间呈现“倒U型”演化关系。此外,由于中国制造业集聚程度仍然处于较低阶段,相对于低集聚度的行业而言,更高的集聚程度对企业生产率的贡献明显更高,这也为调整制造业产业集群发展政策提供了更多操作空间。     

Random variate generation from D-distributions

Within the context of non-parametric Bayesian inference, Dykstra and Laud (1981) define an extended gamma (EG) process and use it as a prior on increasing hazard rates. The attractive features of the extended gamma (EG) process, among them its capability to index distribution functions that are absolutely continuous, are offset by the intractable nature of the computation that needs to be performed. Sampling based approaches such as the Gibbs Sampler can alleviate these difficulties but the EG processes then give rise to the problem of efficient random variate generation from a class of distributions called D-distributions. In this paper, we describe a novel technique for sampling from such distributions, thereby providing an efficient computation procedure for non-parametric Bayesian inference with a rich class of priors for hazard rates.     

The regulatory challenge of occupational safety and health in the online platform economy

The online platform economy raises a range of intricate legal questions connected to labour law and social security protection. In particular, the atypical forms of labour relationships used by many online platforms (e.g. multilateral, hyper‐temporary, off‐site, autonomous), often contractually defined as independent contracting, have challenged the application of labour and occupational health and safety law in many countries across the world, as the application of these norms tends to be dependent on the existence of an “employment relationship”. These developments are compounding the general increase in atypical employment, especially as a result of the 2007–08 financial and economic crisis. It has mostly fallen to courts to resolve the disputes between online platforms and their online platform workers, but some European Union (EU) Member States (such as France) have taken specific legal measures in response to these difficulties. Also, the EU‐level as such is becoming increasingly involved, with the Court of Justice’s ruling in the case of Uber providing some guidance on the “employment question”, and a pending legislative initiative on a Directive for Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions which may provide minimum labour protection for online platform workers in the EU. This article analyzes the problem of labour law in the online platform economy and surveys the various responses by courts and policy‐makers across the EU, which may furthermore set the tone for developments outside the EU in this area.