论艺术设计专业表现技法的两种形式

艺术设计专业中的表现技法有多种。此文论述了素描点绘形式和色彩喷绘形式的表现技法。如果学生在实践中掌握了这门主要专业课程,就会为今后的电脑图形设计打下坚实的基础。     

网络人肉搜索与侵犯个人隐私权问题研究

通过对一些有关于人肉搜索的典型案例分析的基础上，揭示了人肉搜索的运行机制。人肉搜索是一种特殊的信息搜索方式，同时也是一种新的信息生产方式。正确使用的话可以弥补机器搜索引擎的不足，但如果被滥用的话，则可能造成对个人隐私权的侵犯。     

生气情绪研究进展

生气情绪是人类最主要的情绪之一,众多学者从性质、产生原因、过程和功能各方面对它进行了定义.关于生气情绪的产生过程、作用以及生气情绪的管理等方面的研究已经取得了一定的进展.当前对生气情绪的生理与认知交互作用、生气情绪与其它情绪之间的转化和生气情绪与不同社会文化背景两者之间关系的探讨是研究者主要关注的问题.     

需求解析与隐性需求的界定

目前,营销学中关于需求概念与营销导向的研究成为学者日益关注的领域。本文通过文献分析,从信息经济和价值感知两方面描述阐释了需求研究的相关成果;并通过实证分析,发现企业营销倾向在经历了产品导向、服务导向与关系导向的演变之后,需求导向的重要性不断提升。由此,本文界定了隐性需求的内涵,探讨了隐性需求研究对于拓展营销学研究视野的理论价值和实际意义。     

Increasing implicit and explicit attitudes toward an organic food brand by referencing to oneself

In the last decades, theoretical and empirical work has been devoted to implicit attitudes toward a large range of food items. Despite the increasing development of green labels in the food market, to our knowledge no study has investigated implicit attitudes toward organic food nor has tried to change them. Capitalizing on the important role of the self in consumer or pro-environmental behavior, we aim to change or form implicit and explicit attitudes toward organic food brands using the self. Moreover, we investigate the possibility of changing hypothetical shopping behavior, brand identification, and attitude change persistence. Targeting two fictitious brands of organic food in two studies, we use the Self-Referencing (SR) task, an evaluative learning paradigm that relies on both the use of the self as a positive source of evaluation and the common action to classify the self and a target. We assess its effects on implicit attitudes, using one of the most common indirect measure (Implicit Association Test), as well as on explicit attitudes. We show that the SR manipulation results in more positive implicit attitudes, explicit attitudes, and to more frequent hypothetical choice of products for the eco-brand paired with the self compared to the other eco-brand. SR manipulation also results in higher level of brand identification. Moreover, changes in implicit attitude mediate changes in explicit attitude, identification, and hypothetical choice. Finally, we provide evidence for the persistence of the effect: Participants liked and identified more with the brand originally paired with the self even after removing the pairing with the self. The discussion is organized around the importance of taking into account implicit attitudes toward organic food brands and the usefulness of the self in changing or forming these attitudes.     

Guest Editorial Production Planning and Control in other Industries

This paper provides an excursion into various scheduling problems arising in the manufacturing environment and possible approaches that can be taken to solve them. It reviews the research in production scheduling from the perspective of designing and operating a production system and examines the research strategies adopted to find the solution of the practical problems. This review is in the form of the paradigms that evolved during the twentieth century and shows the transition in theory and practice of each paradigm. It covers the fundamental frameworks of scheduling theory, outlining various approaches that can be taken to solve (optimally or approximately) such problems, and the difficulties arising in their practical use. Subsequently, an iterative scheduling process is suggested as an extension of existing paradigms to solve practical production scheduling problems and to bridge the gap between theory and practice in production scheduling and control.     

Conflicts of Interest in Academic Research: Policies,Processes, and Attitudes

Few studies have examined academic researchers' understandings of or attitudes toward conflict of interest policies even though these understandings and attitudes represent a crucial component of both compliance and educational efforts. This study reports the results of a large-scale, cross-sectional survey of research faculty at the nine campuses of the University of California regarding their understandings of and attitudes toward campus conflict of interest policies. We gathered information on their general assessments of investigators with financial ties to industry sponsors and reactions to the process of implementing conflict of interest policies at their respective campuses. We surveyed 1,971 faculty members from the nine-campus University of California system and had 779 responses (39% response rate). The sampled faculty were in the ten departments with the most number of financial disclosures at each campus. We utilized the WebSurveyor software to create a secure, online, 21-item survey. Our study reveals faculty with complex, sometimes contradictory, feelings about academic-industry relationships and highlights perceived gaps in policy and process. Most respondents were concerned about unlimited financial relationships, but a sizable number also viewed campus policies as irrelevant. Some expressed considerable anger over the process of policy implementation, rejecting the policies on the basis of professional and individual self-determination and moral integrity. Our study suggests the need for renewed efforts to encourage awareness of the relevance of conflict of interest policies for all faculty, new efforts to increase understanding of the situational nature of conflicts of interest, and a reexamination of the processes of policy implementation at the campus level.     

论市场交换的供给与需求、成本与收入双重属性(上)

本文试图以一种崭新的非均衡的供给与需求、成本与收入双重属性的市场交换概念,重新阐释市场交换问题。两个人在竞争市场上相互交换的两种不同商品,既是自己的供给商品,即自己生产、拥有、卖出的商品,又是对方的需求商品,即对方用供给商品买回的满足自己需要的商品,两个交换商品具有供给与需求双重属性,这种属性说明用什么交换什么;供给商品生产和交换消耗的费用称谓供给成本,简称成本,用成本买回的需求商品称谓需求收入,简称收入,两个成本交换后变成了两个收入,成本与收入也有双重属性,这种属性说明两种交换商品用多少成本换回多少收入。市场交换就是用供给交换需求,用成本交换收入,追逐收入大于成本的利润,避免收入小于成本的亏损,这就是市场交换机制。     

上海市人口老龄化：现状、影响及对策思考

人口老龄化已成为当今世界各国经济发展过程面临的共同性话题,就上海而言．未来上海市人口老龄化带来的影响已逐渐凸显,人口老龄化带来的养老金匮乏,劳动力不足以及社区为老服务发展滞后的矛盾已开始成为制约上海市经济发展的瓶颈,老龄化带来的影响将在未来很长一段时间内长期存在．缓解人口老龄化带来的影响以及寻求可行性办法解决老龄化人口的赡养问题已成为政府和社会必须要解决的问题。     

‘I Want to Persuade You!’ – Investigating the effectiveness of explicit persuasion concerning attributes of the communicator and the marketing campaign

In explicit persuasion, the communicator states explicitly a desire to persuade the consumer. By referring to an attributional approach, social engagement was simultaneously explored as a beneficial communicator attribute, while cause-related marketing (CRM) was addressed as a boundary condition. In an experiment, we varied the persuasion strategy (explicit vs. implicit), the communicator’s prior experience with social engagement (yes vs. no), and the specific marketing strategy (CRM vs. non-charity marketing). As expected, in the non-charity marketing condition, explicit (vs. implicit) persuasion was more effective when the communicator had prior experience in social engagement. In the CRM condition, explicit (vs. implicit) persuasion was less effective when the communicator had prior experience in social engagement; when no prior experience was reported, persuasiveness increased.