"道学"与汤显祖的文体选择

汤显祖的思想相当驳杂,“道学”是最值得重视的因素。“道学”形而上的内在精神超越,赋予了汤氏独特的“思想者”气质,并进而影响他的文体选择。其古文理想和曲体价值观,均显示出重道德理性的传统“杂文学”观念在晚明时期的回潮。     

民族地区县级政府竞争：路径选择与制度安排

我国地方政府竞争的趋势将愈演愈烈,地方政府竞争带来了不同的竞争效应。文章对地方政府竞争模型的反思入手,分析了民族地区政府竞争的特征和存在问题的基础上,提出了民族地区提升政府竞争力的路径选择:以提升制度竞争力为先,推进市场、产品等要素建设;并对民族地区政府竞争提出相应的制度和政策安排。     

我国地方政府制度创新的路径选择

从分析我国地方政府制度创新的动因入手，着重从三个方面讨论了我国地方政府制度创新的路径，即地方政府应履行自己的产权职能，以制度创新促进产权的多元化，并通过产权保护，解决微观主体的动力激励问题；以制度化规范中央与地方的制度创新关系；退出市场职能领域，实现制度创新的范式转换。     

Issues in Second Language Acquisition

Input plays an important part in the acquisition of second language.This report will just focus on Krashen＇s Input Hypothesis and Long＇s Interaction Hypothesis concerning input.First a summary will be made about the two theories,and then the writer will make a comparison between the two.This report will conclude with the writer＇s observations of how her thinking about ＇input＇ has been clarified in the process of preparing and writing this report.     

Stochastic Choice and Consistency in Decision Making Under Risk: An Experimental Study

This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to uncover the stochastic structure of individual preferences over lotteries. Unlike previous experiments, which have presented subjects with pair-wise choices between lotteries, our design allowed subjects to choose between two lotteries or (virtually) any convex combination of the two lotteries. We interpret the mixtures of lotteries chosen by subjects as a measure of the stochastic structure of choice. We test between two alternative interpretations of stochastic choice: the random utility interpretation and the deterministic preferences interpretation. The main findings of the experiment are that the typical subject prefers mixtures of lotteries rather than the extremes of a linear lottery choice set. The distribution of choices does not change between a first and second asking of the same question. We argue that this provides support for the deterministic preferences interpretation over the random utility interpretation of stochastic choice. As a subsidiary result, we find a small proportion of subjects make choices that violate transitivity, but the level of intransitive choice falls significantly over time.     

The Legal Regulation of Irrational Elements in the Operations of Boards of Directors

The operating processes of boards of directors are delicate and complex, so corporate legislation cannot simply equate board structure law with board governance law. It is therefore necessary to start from China’s actual conditions and grasp the operating processes of Chinese boards with a sober appreciation of the irrational elements in their operating mechanisms. Board governance has entered a new stage of institutionalization, and the law should shift from its emphasis on structure to give equal attention to structure and process in optimizing institutional structure. In the construction of board operating mechanisms, we should treat differently such “living laws” as customs, experiences and traditions, give full play to the functionality of boards’ strategic choices, and provide legal regulation of irrational elements, so as to distinguish between different roles, develop consensus, select strong points and improve efficiency. We should build control over board operational procedures, improve the system of functional allocation, correct assessment mechanisms, develop a mechanism for judicial scrutiny of the affective relationships in society and curb such behavioral tendencies as relational identity, structural bias and group polarization, with a view to controlling such “living laws” within the framework of the basic values and principles of board governance.     

The optimism trap: Migrants’ educational choices in stratified education systems

Immigrant children's ambitious educational choices have often been linked to their families' high level of optimism and motivation for upward mobility. However, previous research has mostly neglected alternative explanations such as information asymmetries or anticipated discrimination. Moreover, immigrant children's higher dropout rates at the higher secondary and university level suggest that low performing migrant students could have benefitted more from pursuing less ambitious tracks, especially in countries that offer viable vocational alternatives. We examine ethnic minority's educational choices using a sample of academically low performing, lower secondary school students in Germany's highly stratified education system. We find that their families' optimism diverts migrant students from viable vocational alternatives. Information asymmetries and anticipated discrimination do not explain their high educational ambitions. While our findings further support the immigrant optimism hypothesis, we discuss how its effect may have different implications depending on the education system.     

农业产业化:作为一种契约型组织的效率及其决定

通过契约来联结的经营组织是农业产业化的主要形式。从制度经济学的角度讲 ,农业产业化经营的效率源泉是“交易费用”的节约和“专业化”效应的扩散。作为一种契约型组织 ,契约的完备性和组织内部结构的变化是其效率的决定因素。从组织创新的角度讲 ,提高农业产业化运行效率的路径选择应是促进公司和农户增加专用性资产投资 ,“龙头”企业吸收农户入股或将股份合作制引入农业产业化经营之中 ,推进农业产业化经营组织的创新 ,建立良好的合作机制     

中国和平崛起战略环境研究

“中国和平崛起”已经正式成为一项带有根本意义的国家战略。它是中华民族的需求,也是中华民族对世界的贡献,对于实现中华民族的腾飞,把我国建设成为繁荣富强的社会主义强国,具有重大的战略意义。根据当前国际局势发展的大背景,详细分析中国在国际上和平崛起的可能性;同时阐述目前中国实施和平崛起战略所面临的几个主要问题和挑战,最终提出中国正确实施和平崛起战略的几点建议。     

个人选择与政府选择的制度平衡

中国近几十年的经济发展与个人选择权的增加和政府控制的减少有很大关系,而目前两者之间相互调整的不到位是一些深层次社会结构性矛盾产生的主要原因。在全球化背景下,如何立足中国的现实环境,探讨中国长治久安、和谐发展的社会制度安排,尤其是个人选择与政府选择之间的制度平衡,是一个重要的理论和实践课题。