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电信产业投入产出模型的应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以全国价值型投入产出表中独立出来的电信产业投入产出表为基础,探讨投入产出模型方法在我国电信产业中的应用,主要介绍了电信产业投入产出模型的开发背景、模块层次结构及其应用分析。 相似文献
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Economists have long conceptualized and modeled the inherent interdependent relationships among different sectors of the economy. This concept paved the way for input-output modeling, a methodology that accounts for sector interdependencies governing the magnitude and extent of ripple effects due to changes in the economic structure of a region or nation. Recent extensions to input-output modeling have enhanced the model's capabilities to account for the impact of an economic perturbation; two such examples are the inoperability input-output model( 1 , 2 ) and the dynamic inoperability input-output model (DIIM).( 3 ) These models introduced sector inoperability, or the inability to satisfy as-planned production levels, into input-output modeling. While these models provide insights for understanding the impacts of inoperability, there are several aspects of the current formulation that do not account for complexities associated with certain disasters, such as a pandemic. This article proposes further enhancements to the DIIM to account for economic productivity losses resulting primarily from workforce disruptions. A pandemic is a unique disaster because the majority of its direct impacts are workforce related. The article develops a modeling framework to account for workforce inoperability and recovery factors. The proposed workforce-explicit enhancements to the DIIM are demonstrated in a case study to simulate a pandemic scenario in the Commonwealth of Virginia. 相似文献
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本文以修正Antràs et al(2012)模型为切入点,首次构建了生产性服务资源环节错配的测度方法,进而以WIOD数据库中发展中国家为样本首次细致分析了生产性服务资源环节错配对高技术产品出口的作用机理。研究发现:首先生产性服务资源环节错配系数对发展中国家高技术产品出口的作用力呈现倒U型,生产性服务资源环节错配不利于发展中国家高技术产品的出口,这一结论在分位数回归、控制内生性、分时间段和分产业等条件下依然稳健;其次中国生产性服务资源环节错配系数在所有样本国中最高,中国生产性服务资源过于偏向上游原料环节导致了上述现象的出现,这使得中国生产性服务资源处于“偏离最优值较远的低效扭曲使用”状态;最后高等教育、企业经营环境和经济效率均对高技术产品出口具有较为显著的促进效应,而“资源诅咒”使得丰裕的资源禀赋对高技术产品出口表现出一定的负效应,空间型贸易地理优势和契约型贸易地理优势均有助于高技术产品的出口,金融危机则对高技术产品出口产生了较为显著的负向冲击。 相似文献
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本文分别利用2007年非竞争型投入占用产出模型和引入非线性因子的局部非线性投入产出模型,从受国际金融危机影响最为直接的出口、投资角度出发,测算了国际金融危机对我国就业的影响。测算结果显示:在最近一年金融危机对我国就业影响是逐步加剧的;重点行业影响较为集中;由于我国宏观调控政策的及时准确,刺激经济计划的有效实施在很大程度上抵消了金融危机的影响;同时,非线性就业弹性能够更准确的反应行业产值和就业人数之间的非线性关系,将其引入投入产出经典模型能使模型更好地反映真实经济情况。 相似文献
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随着非正规经济规模的扩张,非正规经济与正规经济之间的关联逐渐增强。本文结合我国非正规经济特征对国家投入产出表做进一步开发,编制出1992、1997、2002、2007和2012年5个年份的非正规经济投入产出表;然后采用Leontief逆矩阵及其结构分解技术对非正规经济的产出乘数效应和经济关联效应展开分析。结果显示:1非正规经济与正规经济之间具有紧密的经济关联,逐渐成为支撑正规经济发展的重要基础,具有拉动增长的巨大潜力;2非正规经济内生发展机制、非正规经济与其他经济部门之间的反馈机制和关联机制均有好转,说明非正规经济促进经济增长的作用渠道愈加通畅;3动态乘数效应、动态反馈效应和动态溢出效应对非正规经济产出增长率的影响在不同历史阶段存在差异,政府应采取针对性措施。 相似文献
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《Journal of Policy Modeling》2022,44(3):722-738
This paper studies an age-based lockdown that keeps over-60 workers at home as policy response to COVID-19 pandemic in a sample of thirty countries of the European single market. Three main policy issues are addressed, and the results can be summarized as follows. First, age-based lockdown policies are associated with limited output losses and, therefore, are an efficient strategy to limit the spread of the virus in a pandemic, especially in presence of strong age-dependent fatality rates. Second, lockdown policies generate substantial spillover effects; hence, international policy coordination avoiding that too many countries are in lockdown contemporaneously or that such coordination takes place across the countries with the highest integration of over-60 workers along GVCs may be helpful in reducing disruptions. Third, non-targeted lockdowns are much more costly than age-based ones; therefore, other things equal, age-based policies should always be preferred to non-targeted ones. Our analysis also suggests that, in our sample, the over-60 workers are relatively more numerous in sectors where the value added and the integration in GVCs is lower; this feature should be kept in mind in the design of other policies as it might play an important role. 相似文献
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居民最终需求已成为我国碳排放量增长的重要原因。为了测算我国居民因最终需求而直接和间接排放的碳,本文以1992-2007年价值型投入产出表为基础,结合能源消费实物量数据,编制出混合单位的能源投入产出表,从而得到居民碳间接排放量占居民碳排总量70%以上且呈上升趋势的结论。在能源投入产出表的基础上,通过结构分解模型,对居民最终需求及相关经济活动引致的碳间接排放量进行分解分析,结果表明:居民最终需求总量、城乡消费比例及居民消费结构三个因素的变化是促进碳间接排放量增加的因素,以能源消耗系数下降为特征的生产技术进步是促使CO2间接排放量减少的主要因素。 相似文献