Improved bonferroni procedures for testing overall and pairwise homogeneity hypotheses

Simes' (1986) improved Bonferroni test is verified by simulations ^?to control the α-level when testing the overall homogeneity hypothesis with all pairwise t statistics in a balanced parallel group design. Similarly, this result was found to hold (for practical purposes) in various underlying distributions other than the normal and in some unbalanced designs. To allow the use of step-up procedures based on pairwise t statistics, simulations were used to verify that Simes' test, when applied to testing multiple subset homogeneity hypotheses with pairwise t statistics also keeps the level ? α. Some robustness as above was found here too. Tables of the simulation results are provided and an example of a step-up Hommel-Shaffer type procedure with pairwise comparisons is given.     

Intersection of Ethnicity,Gender and Class: Oriental Faculty Women in Israel

Ethnicity, gender and class are the major factors of social inequality and have been studied extensively leading to a large literature pertaining to each one of them. The issue of the intersection of ethnicity, gender and class has been introduced into the social sciences by feminist critical theory. Intersection theory postulates that minority groups are discriminated against on the basis of more than one characteristic which are “inextricably tied” leading to complex forms of inequality in various social domains. This study examines the intertwined effects of these factors as they are experienced and narrated by Mizrachi women (19) who are employed in universities and colleges. Although the intersection approach is generally supported by the data it was found that under certain conditions ethnicity, gender and class may be separated. One type of decomposition is when one identity encroaches upon another or others; the second is the separation of diverse identities assigning them to different life areas. These change processes do not support stereotypical dichotomies between Ashkenazi and Mizrachi, women and men and so on, and enable the creation of new hybrid identities.

On the distribution of crossings in a generalized random walk

This paper deals with the derivation of the probability distribution of the rank order statistic N¹_μ,n(r), the number of crossings of heightr(≥0) in a generalized random walk with steps 1 and ?μ by using the modified Dwass technique.     

儒学基督教对话:两种文化语境下的恩德观

恩德观在中西方民族中都是一个非常重要的文化概念。儒学倡导的知恩图报、感恩戴德等观念就蕴涵了这一传统文化精神。基督教所说的恩德,即上帝泽被苍生的恩爱之情,它具体表现为对人类的拯救和仁慈。从实质上讲,中西方恩德观强调的是施恩者与受恩者之间的伦理、宗教关系。就此而言,虽然儒学基督教两者承载的文化蕴意大相径庭,但却分享着人类面临的一些共同母题及思想前件。正是基于文化间相向而行的不同路径,才使得儒基之间的对话与融合、区分与碰撞成为可能。     

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想的原创性贡献

以西方经济学范式运动呈现出的规律性经验为借鉴,分析习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想的原创性贡献,能科学全面地展现习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想的内在特质与理论贡献。从经济学范式运动看,习近平新时代中国特色社会主义经济思想在“综合”“交汇”“交叉”已有经济学范式的基础上,整体建构起新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学的主体框架,不但改变了西方经济学范式在理论界的主导地位,而且将当代经济学理论推向全新高度,具有重要的理论性、实践性、历史性、世界性意义。     

Asymptotics of Likelihood Ratio Tests for General One-sided Hypotheses in the Two-sample Normal Model

We consider the general one-sided hypotheses testing problem expressed as H₀: θ₁ ? h(θ₂) versus H₁: θ₁ < h(θ₂), where h( · ) is not necessary differentiable. The values of the right and the left differential coefficients, h′_?( · ) and h′₊( · ), at nondifferentiable points play an essential role in constructing the appropriate testing procedures with asymptotic size α on the basis of the likelihood ratio principle. The likelihood ratio testing procedure is related to an intersection–union testing procedure when h′_?(θ₂) ? h′₊(θ₂) for all θ₂, and to a union–intersection testing procedure when there exists a θ₂ such that h′_?(θ₂) < h′₊(θ₂).     

Race-Class-Gender Theory: An Image(ry) Problem

For over 100 years, but particularly since the 1980s, scholars have heavily relied on images of race, class, and gender as “intersecting” and “interlocking” forms of oppression and disempowerment. This imagery has helped feminists develop the empirically grounded theoretical premises that (1) race, class, and gender are social structural locations, (2) structural locations shape perspectives, (3) no individual is all-oppressed or all-oppressing, (4) the meanings of race, class, and gender are localized, and (5) race, class, and gender depend on and (6) mutually constitute each other. In this article I synthesize these premises to reveal some opportunities for theoretical development that may inspire a new generation of race-class-gender scholarship. I argue that while intersection is fairly limited as a conceptual image, the interlocking imagery can help us identify how the relationships among these structures of oppression have become institutionalized.

Exact tests and confidence regions in nonlinear regression

Nonlinear regression models with spherically symmetric error vectors and a single nonlinear parameter are considered. On the basis of a new geometric approach, exact one- and two-sided tests and confidence regions for the nonlinear parameter are derived in the cases of known and unknown error variances. A geometric measure representation formula is used to determine the power functions of the tests if the error variance is known and to derive different lower bounds for the power function of a one-sided test in the case of an unknown error variance. The latter can be done quite effectively by constructing and measuring several balls inside the critical region. A numerical study compares the results for different density generating functions of the error distribution.     

Inference on the Minimum Effective Dose Using Binary Data

This article proposes a confidence interval procedure for an open question posted by Tamhane and Dunnett regarding the inference on the minimum effective dose of a drug for binary data. We use a partitioning approach in conjunction with a confidence interval procedure to provide a solution to this problem. Binary data frequently arise in medical investigations in connection with dichotomous outcomes such as the development of a disease or the efficacy of a drug. The proposed procedure not only detects the minimum effective dose of the drug, but also provides estimation information on the treatment effect of the closest ineffective dose. Such information benefits follow-up investigations in clinical trials. We prove that, when the confidence interval for the pairwise comparison has (or asymptotically controls) confidence level 1 ? α, the stepwise procedure strongly controls (or asymptotically controls) the familywise error rate at level α, which is a key criterion in dose finding. The new method is compared with other procedures in terms of power performance and coverage probability using simulations. The simulated results shed new light on the discernible features of the new procedure. An example on the investigation of acetaminophen is included.     

Geometric approach to the skewed normal distribution

The representations of the skewed normal distribution given in Propositions 1–4 in Genton (Ed., 2004) are considered here from a unified geometric point of view and are, based upon this, generalized in two respects. On the one hand, the four concrete representations motivate us for a unified and much more general algebraic–geometric representation of the skewed normal distribution (Theorems 1 and 2 as well as Remarks 2 and 3); on the other hand, the mentioned representations are generalized to the elliptically contoured case (Propositions and Corollaries 1c–4c).