An access network design problem with end-to-end QoS constraints

In this paper, we present an access network design problem with end-to-end quality of service (QoS) requirement. The problem can be conceptualized as a two-level hierarchical location-allocation problem on the tree topology with nonlinear side constraints. The objective function of the nonlinear mixed integer programming model minimizes the total cost of switch and fiber cable, while satisfying demand within the prescribed level of QoS. By exploiting the inherent structure of the nonlinear QoS constraints, we develop linearization techniques for finding an optimal solution. Also, we devise an effective exact optimal algorithm within the context of disjunctive constraint generation. We present promising computational results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution procedure.     

Evaluating the Effective Degrees of Freedom of the Delete-a-Group Jackknife

The delete-a-group jackknife is sometimes used when estimating the variances of statistics based on a large sample. We investigate heavily poststratified estimators for a population mean and a simple regression coefficient, where both full-sample and domain estimates are of interest. The delete-a-group (DAG) jackknife employing 30, 60, and 100 replicates is found to be highly unstable, even for large sample sizes. The empirical degrees of freedom of these DAG jackknives are usually much less than their nominal degrees of freedom. This analysis calls into question whether coverage intervals derived from replication-based variance estimators can be trusted for highly calibrated estimates.     

A new estimation method for continuous threshold expectile model

The continuous threshold expectile regression model could capture the effect of a covariate on the response variable with two different straight lines, while intersecting an unknown threshold needed be estimated. This article proposes a new estimation method via a linearization technique to estimate the regression coefficients and the threshold simultaneously. Statistical inferences of the proposed estimators are easily derived from the existing theory. Moreover, the estimation procedure is readily implemented by the current software. Simulation studies and an application on GDP per capita and quality of electricity supply data illustrate the proposed method.     

Imputation for missing values and corresponding variance estimation

Imputation is commonly used to compensate for missing data in surveys. We consider the general case where the responses on either the variable of interest y or the auxiliary variable x or both may be missing. We use ratio imputation for y when the associated x is observed and different imputations when x is not observed. We obtain design-consistent linearization and jackknife variance estimators under uniform response. We also report the results of a simulation study on the efficiencies of imputed estimators, and relative biases and efficiencies of associated variance estimators.     

On the stability of the jackknife variance estimator in ratio estimation

The stability of a slightly modified version of the usual jackknife variance estimator is evaluated exactly in small samples under a suitable linear regression model and compared with that of two different linearization variance estimators. Depending on the degree of heteroscedasticity of the error variance in the model, the stability of the jackknife variance estimator is found to be somewhat comparable to that of one or the other of the linearization variance estimators under conditions especially favorable to ratio estimation (i.e., regression approximately through the origin with a relatively small coefficient of variation in the x population). When these conditions do not hold, however, the jackknife variance estimator is found to be less stable than either of the linearization variance estimators.     

An asymptotic distribution of wright’s process capability index sensitive to skewness

In a recent paper (J. Statist. Comput. Simul., 1995, Vol.53, pp. 195–203) P. A. Wright proposed a new process capability index C_s which generalizes the Pearn-Kotz-Johnson’s index C_pmk by taking into account the skewness (in addition to deviation of the mean from tliCrntarget already incorporated in C_pmk ). The purpose of this article is to study the consistency and asymptotics of an estimate ?_s of C_s The asymptotic distribution provides an insight into some desirable properties of the estimate which are not apparent from its original definition     

Strategic supply network planning with vendor selection under consideration of risk and demand uncertainty

We present a stochastic version of a three-layer supply network planning problem that includes the selection of vendors that must be equipped with company-specific tools. The configuration of a supply network must be determined by using demand forecasts for a long planning horizon to meet a given service level. The risk induced by the uncertain demand is explicitly considered by incorporating the conditional value at risk. The objective is to maximize the weighted sum of the expected net present value of discounted cash flows and the conditional value at risk. This would lead to a non-linear model formulation that is approximated by a mixed-integer linear model. This approximation is realized by a piecewise linearization of the expected backlogs and physical inventory as non-linear functions of cumulative production quantities. A two-stage stochastic programming approach is proposed. Our numerical analysis of generic test instances indicates that solving the linearized model formulation yields a robust and stable supply network configuration when demand is uncertain.     

图象的灰度直方图均衡化的实现

通过对灰度直方图进行修正的理论、建模、算法和程序的论述,说明如何实现图象的灰度直方图均衡化,达到图象增强的目的.     

A jackknife variance estimator for unequal probability sampling

Summary.  The jackknife method is often used for variance estimation in sample surveys but has only been developed for a limited class of sampling designs. We propose a jackknife variance estimator which is defined for any without-replacement unequal probability sampling design. We demonstrate design consistency of this estimator for a broad class of point estimators. A Monte Carlo study shows how the proposed estimator may improve on existing estimators.     

Analysing the independence hypothesis in models for rare errors: an application to auditing

Summary.  Populations where items are error free are found in many areas of applied statistics, such as auditing and actuarial science. Decisions are then made by inferring the total error in a population. This parameter is usually modelled by two parametric structures under the assumption of prior independence. This paper explores the usefulness of robust Bayesian techniques in the setting of an applied problem. The results reveal a dramatic lack of robustness with regard to the independence hypothesis.