New methods for fitting multiple sinusoids from irregularly sampled data

A novel framework is proposed for the estimation of multiple sinusoids from irregularly sampled time series. This spectral analysis problem is addressed as an under-determined inverse problem, where the spectrum is discretized on an arbitrarily thin frequency grid. As we focus on line spectra estimation, the solution must be sparse, i.e. the amplitude of the spectrum must be zero almost everywhere. Such prior information is taken into account within the Bayesian framework. Two models are used to account for the prior sparseness of the solution, namely a Laplace prior and a Bernoulli–Gaussian prior, associated to optimization and stochastic sampling algorithms, respectively. Such approaches are efficient alternatives to usual sequential prewhitening methods, especially in case of strong sampling aliases perturbating the Fourier spectrum. Both methods should be intensively tested on real data sets by physicists.     

国内外阅读障碍研究对比分析与国内研究前景展望

阅读障碍亦称诵读障碍或拼写障碍,是一种与脑部相关的学习障碍。阅读障碍研究集心理语言学、心理学、认知科学、医学等诸多学科于一体,是近年来国内外学术界的研究热点之一。梳理国内外阅读障碍的研究团队发展状况,分析国内外阅读障碍研究在诊断、表征、成因以及干预四个方面的异同,探讨国内阅读障碍研究的发展前景,对促进本领域的深入研究大有裨益。     

外语词汇磨蚀的语言学表征分析

语言磨蚀的突出表现是词汇提取失败。大学一年级新生的高中英语词汇磨蚀的测试结果表明：在语音和词形上相似或相同,语义关系复杂的词汇易被磨蚀。受蚀词汇的语言学表征为：在语音上,弱音节的、音素组合关系为“聚合”关系的、总体韵律相似的词汇易磨蚀;词形上,词缀的语义易被磨蚀,词形相似且伴有语音相似的词汇易磨蚀,词汇的首尾成份相似的词汇也易磨蚀;语义上,语义范畴的层级关系复杂的词汇易磨蚀。词汇磨蚀可以根据其语言学表征分为四类：耐蚀词汇、易蚀词汇、半蚀词汇和全蚀词汇。     

“三个代表”重要思想：马克思主义中国化的新发展

“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果。它以一系列新思想、新观点和新论断发展了马克思主义,实现了马克思主义的新发展。“三个代表”重要思想是马克思主义的理论创新。     

中英文时间表征的对比探析

从时间的似真表征和隐喻表征对比分析可以发现汉语和英语时间表征上的异同。操汉语的人是基于客观真实时间顺序和主观想象时间顺序来构建其句子和概念的,其时间表征多为似真表征方式,英语里虽也有某种程度的似真表征,但说英语的人更多的是依据形态语法和抽象原则来表征时间关系的;时间的隐喻表征在两种语言中既有相同之处也有很大差别,这主要源于不同文化的价值观和认知方式     

Segregation and protectionism: Institutionalised views of Aboriginal rurality

Rurality is a complex and contested term, with multiple notions and gazes amid calls for theoretical pluralism. In Australia, the spatial categories of ‘remote’, ‘rural’, ‘regional’ and ‘urban’ are applied to places that vary in their distance from an economic and political core and have differing population densities. We argue that natural resources institutions in rural Australia demand an ‘authentic’ performance of Aboriginality that is framed within orthodox and stable constructions of an Indigeneity associated with the remote category. Dominant representations of remote Aboriginal people living on traditional homelands and engaged in ‘traditional’ environmental protection are assumed to hold for all places and transposed when natural resources institutions satisfy compulsory Indigenous engagement. Such institutional requirements for authenticity exclude alternative and multiple Indigenous voices in natural resources management. Rather, Aboriginal people seek engagement across a portfolio of natural resources activities typically found in rural areas (such as mining, grazing, forestry, water allocation planning, and natural resources service delivery and enterprise development), and not just isolated in natural and cultural heritage conservation. This broad participation would more completely match their expressed aspirations and the multiple lived realities of their fluid and networked rural worlds. Using the rural town of Eidsvold in Australia as a case study, we discuss the findings of participant observation and semi-structured interviews with Indigenous people at regional natural resources management meetings and at ‘home’ in Eidsvold. Rather than a generic institutional approach, a place-based approach to understanding the complex ruralities of Aboriginal people is needed.     

Behind the ethnic–civic distinction: Public attitudes towards immigrants’ political rights in the Netherlands

Public opinion research has sought to distinguish between ethnic and civic conceptions of citizenship and examined the differential associations of these conceptions with policy preferences in the realm of immigration. What has not been examined empirically is why exactly these conceptions are related to people’s preferences. In two survey studies conducted among national samples of native Dutch we tested the proposition that the endorsement of ethnic citizenship is related to lower acceptance of Muslim immigrant rights (Study 1) and their political participation (Study 2) because of a weaker normative sense of common national belonging and higher adherence to autochthony (primo-occupancy) beliefs. In contrast, the endorsement of civic citizenship was expected to be associated with higher acceptance of Muslim immigrant rights and their political participation because of a stronger sense of common belonging and lower belief in autochthony. The findings of the two studies are similar and in support of these expectations.     

Interwoven migration narratives: identity and social representations in the Lusophone world

This article provides an exploratory analysis of the life narratives of migrants in the Portuguese-speaking world. By interweaving the life experiences of eight participants in three thematic clusters – ‘shared past’, language and sense of community – we propose a critique of the deep-seated idea of the Lusophone space as a community constructed by the harmonious conviviality of different countries and people. Drawing on contributions from cultural studies, social psychology, anthropology and sociology, we first aim to give voice to the human subjects who embark on migrations and then to understand how the engendered process of identity construction is framed by their social world, simultaneously reframing it. Thus, we aim at shedding light on the ways in which aspects of the political discourses on Lusophony are used (and are instrumental) to the migrants’ identity narrative (re)construction.