以女性风情阉割女性主体性——对王安忆《长恨歌》叙事立场的反思

王安忆《长恨歌》在铺写既日常又时尚的上海风情方面卓富才情,但在叙事立场方面却存在着价值缺憾。该文本在营构女性人物关系时,认同了以情色等级、世俗精明程度评定女性生命价值的世俗观念;在设置男女人物关系时,欣赏的是女人自愿为女奴的乖巧、势利;在品鉴日常生活情味时,表露出的是对女性身上的奴性只有体恤没有反思的态度。这样,《长恨歌》文本就确定了它认同女性女奴身份的文化立场,完成了它阉割女性主体性的文化作用。     

The dilemmas of embodied symbolic representation: Regret in contemporary American tattoo narratives

Numerous scholars have argued that we are currently in a post “tattoo renaissance” era wherein the practice has increasingly become a legitimate art form accepted by the American middle class. In order to facilitate this cultural transition, tattooed people legitimize their own tattoos through various narratives that ascribe deep semantic meaning to their images and words. Pulling from twenty-two in-depth interviews with tattoo removal clinicians, tattoo artists, people who regret at least one of their current tattoos, and people who have had their tattoos removed or altered, this paper contributes to the literature on the meaning and significance of tattoos in the lives of 21st century Americans. In particular, we aim to showcase that, in the current cultural context, wherein people feel a need to justify their tattoos with a level of profound symbolic meaning, tattoo regret abounds in a form distinct from that of previous generations. Drawing from a post-structuralist framework which understands tattoos as symbols, we discuss tattoo narratives as pervasive normative expectations and explore how people face potential dilemmas when they lack them, as well as when they subscribe static and absolute meanings to the words and images depicted in their body art. These narratives, and accordingly the tattoos themselves, become problematic as a result of the inability of tattoos to function beyond their capacity as symbolic representations. When people cannot reconcile or transcend the dynamic and relative nature of their tattoos’ symbolic meanings, they feel regretful and sometimes opt for tattoo cover-ups or removals.     

Multiple reference points in investor regret

Regret is the result of a comparison between “what is” and “what might have been”. Although regret is a relevant emotion in the life of investors, research studying the regrets of real investors and how these are influenced by multiple reference points is lacking. We present a field survey that investigated the regrets of real stock investors in relation to multiple “what might have been’s.” We found that their regrets are most influenced by what their outcomes might have been had they not invested, by their expected outcomes and by the best-performing unchosen stocks. In addition, we also found that the feeling of regret was influenced by losses or gains relative to each reference point rather than by the size of the loss or gain.     

解构的“典故”——王安忆长篇小说《长恨歌》新论

本文比照白居易的《长恨歌》,认为王安忆的《长恨歌》是以上海和上海的女人为歌重新确定了“史诗”和“女人”的概念,在把上海这座城市化为女人的心灵的同时,拆解了女人的历史,构筑了女人的现代,为当代女性城市文本组建了一个界碑     

文学与日常生活的辩证想象——论鲁迅小说对日常生活的书写

日常生活既是现代性的一个重要表征,又是启蒙运动的产物。文学对现代日常生活的表现同时也是与现代性话语或顺从或反抗的对话。无论是对现代性的思考与回应,还是对现代日常生活的批判与拯救,文学都以一种独特的话语彰显出日常生活的辩证蕴涵。鲁迅在《端午节》、《幸福的家庭》和《伤逝》中既揭示出日常生活的平庸及现代知识分子深陷其中的困境,同时又展现了他们试图围绕现代日常生活所作的种种抵抗与超越,即构成了一个栩栩如生的辩证形式。     

论《伤逝》悲剧的三重意境

《伤逝》的情痛之真、语言之美、灵魂之善,使作品弥漫着一股浓浓的悲剧意味．《伤逝》的悲剧之美,不仅因为有真诚的悔恨、沉重的怀念、凄凉的悲楚、无奈的分离,更因为有泪水的挥洒,爱人的逝去,理解的缺失,感动的远离。鲁迅在《伤逝》中,以追忆的形式,倾诉了无尽的悔恨和愧疚,抒发了高洁与美好无可奈何逝去的悲痛。《伤逝》以忏悔开场,以忏悔结束,让我们在至情的刺痛中泪流满面,让我们在感伤之余,去思考生活、领悟人生。小说着力描写的不是恶劣的生存环境,而是现实的无奈与人性的弱点。     

两样伤逝,几许别情——《伤逝》:伤兄弟亲情之逝

鲁迅的《伤逝》以其艺术的独特性、思想的现代性、内容的曲折晦涩性吸引了众多研究者的目光。研究者大多关注"青年爱情小说"这个文本线索,而对周作人"伤悼兄弟之情逝去"的说法视而不见。透过《伤逝》的环境、情节和人物描写,联系作者的生平经历及写作动因可以看出,《伤逝》其实是作者在男女情爱的表象之下,以自身的重大创伤经验为机核、以兄弟相处经历做骨干的"伤悼兄弟之情逝去"之作。