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1.
The problem considered is that of finding an optimum measurement schedule to estimate population parameters in a nonlinear model when the patient effects are random. The paper presents examples of the use of sensitivity functions, derived from the General Equivalence Theorem for D-optimality, in the construction of optimum population designs for such schedules. With independent observations, the theorem applies to the potential inclusion of a single observation. However, in population designs the observations are correlated and the theorem applies to the inclusion of an additional measurement schedule. In one example, three groups of patients of differing size are subject to distinct schedules. Numerical, as opposed to analytical, calculation of the sensitivity function is advocated. The required covariances of the observations are found by simulation. 相似文献
2.
This paper proposes an overlapping-based test statistic for testing the equality of two exponential distributions with different scale and location parameters. The test statistic is defined as the maximum likelihood estimate of the Weitzman's overlapping coefficient, which estimates the agreement of two densities. The proposed test statistic is derived in closed form. Simulated critical points are generated for the proposed test statistic for various sample sizes and significance levels via Monte Carlo Simulations. Statistical powers of the proposed test are computed via simulation studies and compared to those of the existing Log likelihood ratio test. 相似文献
3.
Time-varying GARCH-M models are commonly employed in econometrics and financial economics. Yet the recursive nature of the conditional variance makes likelihood analysis of these models computationally infeasible. This article outlines the issues and suggests to employ a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm which allows the calculation of a classical estimator via the simulated EM algorithm or a simulated Bayesian solution in only O(T) computational operations, where T is the sample size. Furthermore, the theoretical dynamic properties of a time-varying-parameter EGARCH(1,1)-M are derived. We discuss them and apply the suggested Bayesian estimation to three major stock markets. 相似文献
4.
C. A. Glasbey 《Statistics and Computing》2009,19(1):49-56
Dynamic programming (DP) is a fast, elegant method for solving many one-dimensional optimisation problems but, unfortunately,
most problems in image analysis, such as restoration and warping, are two-dimensional. We consider three generalisations of
DP. The first is iterated dynamic programming (IDP), where DP is used to recursively solve each of a sequence of one-dimensional
problems in turn, to find a local optimum. A second algorithm is an empirical, stochastic optimiser, which is implemented
by adding progressively less noise to IDP. The final approach replaces DP by a more computationally intensive Forward-Backward
Gibbs Sampler, and uses a simulated annealing cooling schedule. Results are compared with existing pixel-by-pixel methods
of iterated conditional modes (ICM) and simulated annealing in two applications: to restore a synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
image, and to warp a pulsed-field electrophoresis gel into alignment with a reference image. We find that IDP and its stochastic
variant outperform the remaining algorithms. 相似文献
5.
In the article, properties of the Bennett test and Miller test are analyzed. Assuming that the sample size is the same for each sample and considering the null hypothesis that the coefficients of variation for k populations are equal against the hypothesis that k ? 1 coefficients of variation are the same but differ from the coefficient of variation for the kth population, the empirical significance level and the power of the test are studied. Moreover, the dependence of the test statistic and the power of the test on the ratio of coefficients of variation are considered. The analyses are performed on simulated data. 相似文献
6.
Jennifer Martin 《Australian Social Work》2017,70(2):197-208
ABSTRACTThe introduction of computerised virtual worlds in the early twenty-first century was considered to be an innovation that would be widely used in higher education. There are a number of examples of virtual worlds used for higher education in medicine, nursing, and allied health, including examples in social work. The aim of this article is to explore the potential value of virtual-world technology to enhance the student learning experience for social work education in interpersonal communication skills in a virtual health centre. Findings of a study of Australian undergraduate social work students who engaged in a role play in a virtual health centre for skill development in interpersonal communication are presented. The study findings highlight issues for social work educators to consider when deciding whether or not to use virtual-world technology in social work education, and when designing further research on similar innovations. 相似文献
7.
Abstract Production manager recruitment poses a three-fold problem: finding a broad-knowtedged recruiter; obtaining an objective evaluation of the candidate; and the ever present risk of accepting unqualified candidates and rejecting qualified candidates A prototype expert system (ES) was developed for the purpose of testing the technical potential for computer assisted recruiting. The ES embodied a three-fold strategy: probing the candidate's past; asking questions from a business case study; and from several human-behaviour, video-taped episodes. The candidate's responses are graded, rated for competency (excellent, good, fair, poor), and weighted. A hiring action is recommended based on the composite weight. The prototype effectively demonstrated thit potential for expert system-conducted recruiting. 相似文献
8.
Andreas Ziegler 《Statistical Papers》2007,48(4):655-681
This paper compares the application of different versions of the simulated counterparts of the Wald test, the score test,
and the likelihood ratio test in one- and multiperiod multinomial probit models. Monte Carlo experiments show that the use
of the simple form of the simulated likelihood ratio test delivers relatively robust results regarding the testing of several
multinomial probit model specifications. In contrast, the inclusion of the Hessian matrix of the simulated loglikelihood function
into the simulated score test and (in the multiperiod multinomial probit model) particularly the inclusion of the quasi-maximum
likelihood theory into the simulated likelihood ratio test leads to substantial computational problems. The combined application
of the quasi-maximum likelihood theory with the simulated Wald test or the simulated score test is not systematically superior
to the application of the other versions of these two simulated classical tests either. Neither an increase in the number
of observations nor in the number of random draws in the incorporated Geweke-Hajivassiliou-Keane simulator systematically
lead to more precise conformities between the frequencies of type I errors and the basic significance levels. An increase
in the number of observations only decreases the frequencies of type II errors, particularly regarding the simulated classical
testing of multiperiod multinomial probit model specifications. 相似文献
9.
宽严相济刑事政策之概念分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
刘远 《南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2007,38(1):22-26
作为概念,“宽严相济”有一个从统治方略到刑事政策的转变过程,而当下所说的"宽严相济"指的是一项刑事政策,它有着特定的权力结构背景和理论知识语境。作为对"惩办与宽大相结合"的发展,宽严相济刑事政策具有新的时代内涵,特别是在刑事政策与刑事法律的关系、刑事政策运行方式、保持刑罚适正性等方面都实现了质的飞跃。 相似文献
10.