Consumption and poverty in the homes of the English poor,c. 1670–1834

The consumer behaviour of the poor in the long eighteenth century has attracted more historical attention in recent years. Yet, we have little understanding of whether regional factors affected consumption or how the poor’s ownership of household goods was influenced by level of poverty and the life-cycle. By focusing on Kent and drawing comparisons to other counties, this article argues that the material lives of the poor were improving by the late eighteenth century, but finds that there were distinct regional differences as the poor acquired more and better goods in London and the Home Counties than in relatively remote areas. Moreover, by using pauper inventories and labourers’ probate inventories, the research finds that the poor were not a homogeneous group with similar levels of material wealth, but should be considered in terms of different subgroups which often led very different material lives to one another due to life-cycle-related problems including sickness and old age. Labourers’ probate inventories are found to represent a minority of the poor who were materially richer than most, whilst pauper inventories appear to represent a more typical subgroup of the poor that struggled to make do and owned most types of goods in smaller numbers.     

评鲍德里亚的"消费社会理论"

鲍德里亚系统提出了"消费社会"的理论。他企图对唯物史观进行"颠覆"是错误的。但是不能简单地认为他是资本主义制度的辩护士。鲍德里亚不懂得马克思从根本上颠覆了国民经济学和唯心主义历史观的两种"幻象",从而奠定了生产和劳动对于人类社会存在与发展的基础性地位;不懂得消费与生产的现实辩证关系,片面地离开生产探讨消费的新特征,甚至主张用消费取代生产。消费异化是劳动异化的表现。技术救赎不可能解决当代人类面临的重大社会问题。     

我国第三产业发展及劳动就业增长的实证分析

首先介绍了我国第三产业发展的现状 ,然后通过计算第三产业发展过程中的劳动就业贡献率和就业弹性 ,分析了我国第三产业发展吸纳劳动力的潜力。最后对第三产业发展及扩大就业提出几点建议。     

质押——个人住房消费贷款的一种制度创新

文章分析了推行个人住房消费质押贷款的优势和可行性,探讨了可以用来作为住房质押贷款的质物和住房消费质押贷款的运作机制,最后指出了个人住房消费质押贷款能顺利运作所必须的支撑体系.     

农村居民看病难、看病贵原因实证分析

利用扩展的线性支出系统模型(ELES),采用最小二乘法估计计算了我国农村居民的短期医疗服务需求价格弹性。研究结果表明:农村居民的短期医疗服务需求价格缺乏弹性。由于农村居民的短期医疗服务需求价格缺乏弹性,加上我国目前医疗体制存在的以药养医和医疗机构的逐利行为以及医疗市场缺乏有效的监管等问题,导致农村居民看病难、看病贵。解决这个问题,需要国家增加对卫生领域的投入,降低农民看病时自费的比例,增强卫生市场的竞争性,适当使医疗卫生资源向农村地区倾斜,并逐渐把医疗机构办成非盈利机构。     

Consumption and Saving Behavior of Older and Younger Baby Boomers in Korea

The 1998 Korean Survey of Family Income and Expenditures was used to examine the overall consumption and saving behavior of Korean baby boomers and compared the differences in consumption and saving behavior between older and younger boomers. The t -test results indicated that the younger boomers allocated a significantly higher percentage of their expenditures on food away from home, household appliances, transportation and communication than did the older boomers, whereas the older boomers spent higher amounts and allocated larger budget shares on their children's education than did the younger boomers. The results of Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) regression analysis showed that, holding other factors constant, older boomers not only spent significantly more in the total consumption expenditures and education expenditures, but older boomers also saved significantly less than did younger boomers.     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

草原牧区生态移民及其对策

随着我国草原的日益退化，牧民的生存和发展形势严峻，牧区的生态移民问题已经提到议事日程，并在我国许多牧区开始实践。该文对牧区生态移民的成因和途径做了初步的探索。我国牧区人口已超出了生态环境的承受力，许多牧民已经丧失了基本生产生活资料——草原。草原封育需要牧区进行生态移民，要用科学的发展观指导牧区生态移民；政府要用宏观、开放的视野指导牧区生态移民，不能局限在一时一地解决这一问题；向牧区未利用草原移民；改革牧区的第一产业，发展牧区的第二、三产业，为牧民创造更多的就业岗位以减轻向系统外移民的压力；向农村和城镇转移，实现从草原生态经济系统向系统外移民。     

高校师资队伍建设需要"以人为本"的柔性管理

高校教师具有独特的人格和工作特点,需要教育管理工作者科学地运用“以人为本”的柔性管理理念,遵循“以人为本”的柔性管理原则,以教师为中心,促进高校教育事业的发展。     

当代大学生媒介消费行为统计分析

当今世界信息传播革命正在兴起,信息技术的迅猛发展推动着大众传播媒介走向现代化。大众传播媒介的发展对大学生的影响尤为深刻。本文拟对当代大学生对大众传播媒介的使用状况作粗浅探索和分析,并试图研究互联网的使用与其它传播媒介的关系。