论老建筑再生与城市空间品质的塑造

通过老建筑再生对于城市的价值意义的研究以及对城市与老建筑关系的分析，从多个角度阐述由老建筑再生所带来的城市意象、城市肌理、场所精神、城市色彩、城市风貌等要素的变化及其促进城市空间品质的提高，并结合国内外案例对这一观点行论证。     

Area-based urban regeneration comparing Denmark and Japan

In this paper, we study the characteristics and results of two different approaches to urban regeneration which we have termed ‘Metagovernance’ and ‘Pluricentric coordination’ following. We studied this through a comparative study of area-based, participatory urban regeneration projects in Denmark and Japan, representing each one approach. The paper aims to clarify results of the two approaches in terms of five aspects of urban regeneration, relevant to the process and results: (1) strategic spatial improvement, (2) influence of the legal system and transparency of the processes, (3) empowerment of citizens and diversity of participants, (4) innovative capacity (diversity and creativity of the projects) and (5) continuity and flexibility of the projects. The paper concludes that each approach has strengths and weaknesses and that each country can learn from the other to strengthen future participatory urban regeneration.     

From Destruction to Reconciliation

SUMMARY

Daniel Johnson discusses how the application of “restorative justice” in his own life and in the life of the victim of his criminal offense contributed to his personal regeneration and healing for his victim. Mr. Johnson challenges criminal justice policy-makers to create conditions where “restorative justice” can be employed in the broadest sense in order to do what contemporary, punitive, retributive criminal justice systems are largely incapable of doing, that is, facilitate lasting offender rehabilitation and healing for crime victims and communities, and to offer opportunities for victim-offender reconciliations.     

Town Centre Management: Outlook from Portugal

In the last two decades, the Portuguese Government has responded to the decline of centres of commerce. In this paper, we analyse the three different experiences of town centre management (TCM) schemes developed in Portugal since the turn of the millennium. The first two stages were developed using public sector initiatives and their impacts were limited. The third stage is still under way and is composed of private projects created by local business owners. Taking Lisbon as a case study for this third stage we conclude that these projects have become a pro-active means of intervention in Portuguese town centres.     

土家族再繁衍神话的基本特征与现实意义

土家族的人类再繁衍神话,具有复合性、神圣性、积淀性等基本特征。神话内涵十分丰富,给神话学研究提供了若干新鲜的资料和内容,还给人们以生态学、环境学方面的启示。     

辣椒常规品种子叶诱导植株再生体系的建立

以辣椒常规品种保加利亚尖椒与赤研6号为材料,探讨了激素、苗龄、有机成分、AgNO3等因素对子叶再生的影响.观察到PD添加剂对常规品种辣椒离体子叶不定芽的诱导分化及伸长有明显的促进作用.保加利亚尖椒的子叶分化频率达到100%,赤研6号的分化频率达到83%.芽伸长率分别为75%与55%,生根率达到80%以上.建立了辣椒常规品种的子叶离体高效再生体系.     

Using a Markov Chain to Construct a Tractable Approximation of an Intractable Probability Distribution

Abstract.  Let π denote an intractable probability distribution that we would like to explore. Suppose that we have a positive recurrent, irreducible Markov chain that satisfies a minorization condition and has π as its invariant measure. We provide a method of using simulations from the Markov chain to construct a statistical estimate of π from which it is straightforward to sample. We show that this estimate is 'strongly consistent' in the sense that the total variation distance between the estimate and π converges to 0 almost surely as the number of simulations grows. Moreover, we use some recently developed asymptotic results to provide guidance as to how much simulation is necessary. Draws from the estimate can be used to approximate features of π or as intelligent starting values for the original Markov chain. We illustrate our methods with two examples.     

"人类纪"新地质时期理论研析之二——地球环境生态系统灾变现象与生态灾变论

人类非理性行为与活动破坏了自然生态系统,导致了地球生态环境的灾难性变化。这种灾变现象表现在飓风海啸、沙尘暴、洪涝等灾害,经常造成生命和财产的损失,成为人们普遍关注的焦点。本文根据灾变现象的规律性变化构建了“生态灾变论”。当今人们在“人类纪”新时期正面临着生态灾变现象的挑战,必需对恶化了的生态环境进行更新强化其功能,同时,我们还必需以综合整体观来创建“生态、经济、社会、环境、文化、景观”六效应协同增长的现代生态文明社会作为时代的使命。     

陆贾泥城纪念性公园再生意义研究(上)

陆贾是对岭南的文明开发卓有贡献的历史人物,两千年前留在岭南最重要的史迹遗址,是位于广州荔湾区西村的"泥城"。一处人文遗迹会给我们带来怎样的历史思考与未来取向?纪念性价值、社会性价值、教育性价值,是一切人文史迹共有的特征,"泥城"当然也不例外。以体现人物精神思想为中心,以人文史迹及其环境为物质载体,构建供人们瞻仰、缅怀、发思古之幽情,供人们休憩、审美、抚今追昔而探索更美好将来的公共园林,可是对古人、今人、未来者皆为美事的举措。     

Forest leaf litter quantity and seedling occurrence along an urban-rural gradient

Leaf litter, by modifying microenvironmental conditions, can alter plant population distributions and is considered to be a major force in structuring many plant communities. Comparative studies of urban, suburban, and rural forests in the New York City (NYC) metropolitan area have identified numerous biotic and abiotic differences among these forests, including several involved in leaf litter decomposition. These differences in decomposition among the forests could result in differences in litter quantity on the forest floor and hence microenvironmental conditions and safe sites for germination of different plant species. We conducted a survey of forest floor leaf litter quantity in forests located along an urban-to-rural land-use gradient originating in urban NYC and extending to rural Connecticut. Mean litter depth, mass, and density increased significantly with increased distance of the forest from NYC.We also surveyed woody seedlings and compared the litter depth in which they naturally occurred to the mean litter depth of the surrounding forest. Seedlings of small-seeded species were much more likely to be located in litter shallower than mean forest litter depth than were seedlings of large-seeded species. Taken together, these results suggest that environmental changes associated with urbanization may have profound effects on long-term patterns of forest regeneration.