Gender Convergence in the American Heritage Time use Study (AHTUS) |
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Authors: | Kimberly Fisher Muriel Egerton Jonathan I Gershuny John P Robinson |
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Institution: | (1) Department of ECPS, University of British Columbia, 2125 Main Mall, V6T-1Z4 Vancouver, B.C., Canada |
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Abstract: | The present study explored the short-term temporal characteristics of subjective well-being (SWB) and its potential correlates.
Specifically, we examined the intra-individual variability and the trajectories of SWB and its components life satisfaction,
positive, and negative affect. Over a two-week period, 27 participants (78% university students, 85% females, mean age of
29 years) provided SWB data every other day. Before and after this period, participants completed several questionnaires assessing
personality and environmental variables, as well as several open-ended questions. The results provide evidence that participants
experienced a significant amount of intra-individual variability in their SWB and its components. Furthermore, inter-individual
differences in the intra-individual variability were related to several of the personality and environmental variables, as
well as to participant’s age. Results of multiple regression analyses indicated that deliberation (one facet of the Big Five
dimension conscientiousness), social support, and age accounted for 58% of the total variance of intra-individual variability
in SWB. In contrast, the slopes of the individual trajectories of SWB were on average statistically non-significantly different
from zero. These results emphasize that information is gained by looking at both the patterns and the intra-individual variability
over time: The individual trajectories of the participants on average appeared to be stable, but intra-individual variability
of SWB was meaningfully related to several of the variables. |
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Keywords: | gender time social change national time diaries work time |
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