替换技术论浅析

替换技术论产生于２０世纪七十年代，建立在反巨型技术的基础之上，意在对工业文明进行批判。在生态环境上，它注重技术在生态学上的健全性与合理性；在经济上，它主张技术向小型化和初级专业化发展，并以人类的真正需要为导向；在社会生活上，它主张权力的泛化。替换技术论保护生态，使技术适应于人的需要的思想具有积极的意义，但它过分强调技术的小型化，有重返农业社会的倾向。

Analysis of the theory of alternative technology

It is in the 1970s that the theory of alternative technology comes int o being, based on the criticism of huge technology, intended to animadvert on in dustrial civilization. It claims that technology must be in accord with the prin ciples of soundness and integrity in ecology, technical development should be al ong the direction of small scale and elementary specialization, guided by the real need of man, and in social life, right should be dispersed to everyone. This theory has its own advantages in that it focuses on the protection of environment and seeks to adapt technology to human need, but it stresses too much on the small scale of technology, tending to go back to agricultural society.