中国传统义利观与颜元的功利之学

颜元是明末清初之际“实学”思潮的代表人物,他针对“著述讲论之功多而实学实教之力少”,提倡“唯在实学、实习、实用之天下”。其思想中的义利观,更以经世致用为原则,否定了宋儒“正其谊不谋其利,明其道不计其功”的重义轻利观点,抉破了宋明理学思想的藩篱。与以往理学家“道德之事功”的观点相比,颜元更强调功利之学,讲功用必重收效,“正其谊而谋其利,明其道而计其功”,以期达到“经世致用”、富国强兵的目的。

The Traditional Chinese Views of Being Appropriate and Personal Profit and Material Gain from Yan Yuan

As a"the practice theory"current of thought of outstanding representative during the changing between Ming and Qing dynasty,Yan Yuan aimed at"the writing and speaking of the theory is many but the practice theory is little",promote"however in the practice theory,practice,practical world."He took the practice as the principle of righteousness benefit view,negated the light benefit standpoint of the heavy righteousness of Song Confucian,broke Confucian school of the Song and Ming dynasties the barrier of the thought.Comparing with the former standpoint"the matter utility of the morals",he even emphasizes the utility,"positive its righteousness but strive for its benefit,clear its teachings but account its utility",the purpose that make country rich and strong.