对美欧学者关于邻里效应研究的述评

文章回顾、评论了美欧学者对于邻里效应作用机制和研究方法的归纳、邻里效应研究方法面临的挑战以及具体的经验研究和实践。文章指出，邻里效应有助于减少社会差别、促进社会平等，这在理论和实践上都能得到说明。如果要采取某种混合居住的政策以帮助社会下层并降低住房不平等以及总的社会不平等程度，那么现行住房政策将不得不做出改进。具体说来，可以考虑采取渐进式的改革：配合户籍制度改革，逐步把少数常年在城市打工、表现良好的农民工纳入经济适用房和廉租房等制度的照顾范围以内。同时本文希望抛砖引玉，激发社会学界乃至于社会科学界住房和城市问题研究者更多关注于邻里效应和社会不平等研究。

A Review of the US-European Scholars' Studies on Neighborhood Effects

This paper reviews US-European scholars' summaries of the functional mechanisms of neighborhood effects and the research methods,challenges to the methods of studying neighborhood effects,and the specific empirical studies and practices.The paper contends that neighborhood effects help reduce social differences and promote social equality,which can be explained by both theory and practice.If the government is to adopt some kind of mixed-residence policy to help those in the lower social strata and alleviate the inequality in housing conditions and the overall social inequality as well,the present housing policy has to be improved.More specifically,a progressive reform should be considered:In line with the household registration reform,some of the peasant workers living in cities with a record of good work performance appraisals could be granted eligibility for "economic welfare housing" or "cheap leaser housing." This paper also attempts to appeal to sociological scholars or even the entire social sciences circle for their attention to the research on neighborhood effects and social inequality.