The Content of Education in Kazakh Schools

Most of the national schools in Kazakhstan are rural ones (3, 252), and basically staffed with one teacher or partially understaffed odnokomplektnye, malokomplektnye] in the odnokomplektnaia shkola one teacher teaches all four grades] (2, 532). The difficulties of conducting teaching-upbringing work in such schools are well known. It is economically unfeasible to open classes for the intensive study of subjects by three to five students, as too much is spent on training one student. The one-teacher rural school is not in a position to provide youngsters with the necessary labor training, given the inadequate technical capabilities of the training-production combines. In many rural localities the training-production combine's function is performed by a repair shop or a livestock section, and in low-population districts where there are no preschool institutions or schools, children when they reach the age of seven are sent without preparation to distant boarding schools or to live with relatives. This has an impact on the development of the psychology and personal qualities of the child and on the teaching-upbringing process as a whole.