古代壁画数字化版权问题初探

壁画的数字化过程包括图像采集、图像修复、图像转换、数据库发布四个阶段。虽然古代壁 画的著作财产权已过保护期,但壁画的数字衍生品并非全是原作的复制品。以保存信息为目的的壁画图 像采集行为仅构成复制,不产生新的著作权。而壁画的虚拟修复视不同情况,则可能创作出新作品,也可 能构成复原或对原作品的修改。对原作的修改应建立修改审核机制,从而确保对原作的尊重。修复后壁 画图像的格式转换和缩放也仅构成复制。古代壁画的数字化过程反映出了计算机辅助环境下独创性的 部分认定标准。认定智力劳动成果的核心标准是操作的不可替代性和对原图像视觉要部的更改。基于 文物数据库的特殊性,对此类数据库的保护在遵循著作权法规定的同时,还应延长保护期,允许合理垄 断,扩张合理使用的范围,以及保护合作开发者的特殊权利。

A Study on Issues of Copyright of Ancient Fresco Digitalization

The digitalization of frescos includes four stages : image acquisition,image digital restoration,image inversion and database issue . Although the copyright of ancient frescos has expired,all the digital products based on them are not duplication of the original works . The image acquisition for the purpose of saving information merely constitutes duplication,and does not incur new copyright . The digital restoration of ancient fresco may create new works,restore or revise the original works .A censorship should be established in terms of the revision,so as to ensure the respect for the ancient fresco . To converse the format and scale the image after restoration merely constitutes duplication . The authentication standards of intellectual work are also manifested in the digitalization of Fresco . The core of an intellectual property is its irreplaceability of the behavior and the alteration of the essential visual parts of the original image .Lastly,in the protection of cultural relic' s database regarding its particularity,while the copyright law obeyed,the term of protection should be extended,reasonable monopoly allowed,and special rights of cooperative developers guaranteed .