美的事物与事物的美

柏拉图关于"美是什么"的追问,至今尚无结论。其实对这种形而上的追问,是不可能会有什么客观的科学结论的。"美的事物"与"事物的美"是两个不同的问题,前者的"美"是形容词性的,后者的"美"是名词性的;前者是社会科学,后者是自然科学。美学真正要研究的,应该是"美的事物",而不是"事物的美";应该是美的原因,而不是美的本质。美的原因就是客体事物对主体内在需要的满足。这其中的"需要",不能仅仅是精神上的,还应该包括物质上的。客体或审美客体,对主体或审美主体需要的满足程度越高,其对主体的美的程度就越高。

A Thing of Beauty and the Beauty in a Thing

No conclusion is reached as to the question ＂what beauty is＂ raised by Plato. Actually, there won＇t be any scientific answers to a metaphysical question like this. ＂A Thing of Beauty＂ and ＂The Beauty in A Thing＂ are two different issues. The former ＂Beauty＂ is an adjective use in nature, while the latter ＂Beauty＂ is used as a noun. The former belongs to the category of social science, whereas the latter belongs to natural science. In aesthetics, researchers really want to study ＂A Thing of Beauty＂ rather than ＂The Beauty in A Thing＂. What researchers should pay attention to is the reason for the beauty, not the essenee of the beauty. The reason for the beauty is the internal needs of the subject fulfilled by the object. These ＂needs＂ should not be spiritual, but also be material. The higher the level of needs of the subject met by the object, the higher the level of beauty represented by the object.