关于语言经济原则的反思

语言经济原则是指导人类行为的一条根本性准则。经济性的语言节省了交流时间,提高了交际效率,满足了交际双方的省力需求。省力的动机不仅存在于发话人的言语生成过程中,也存在于受话人的言语理解过程中。单方面强调自身的省力欲望,不仅会降低交际效率,还可能导致交际失误,所以应注意语言经济原则的负相关性,优化配置语言资源。在实际的言语交际中,语言经济原则存在诸多不足,如省略引起交际失误,替代、指代带来交际障碍,共享知识的缺省导致交际失败。只有在语言能够充分明晰地表达意义和情感的前提下,才能使用语言经济原则。

Reflection on the Principle of Least Effort

The Principle of Least Effort is a basic rule that guides our behavior.It helps us save time,improve efficiency,and satisfy our needs of least effort in daily communication.However,the desire to make less effort comes not only from the speaker,but also from the listener,so if the speaker conveys his or her ideas with the least effort regardless of the subsequent difficulty on the part of the listener,it not only lowers communication speed,but may also lead to failures in communication.Therefore,problems caused by the negative side of the principle also demand our attention,and they remind us constantly of the importance of the accuracy of our language.These problems include misunderstandings due to ellipse,substitution as well as reference,and failures in communication because of lack of common knowledge.In conclusion,the Principle of Least Effort comes only when we express ourselves clearly.