工业文明消费观的伦理学思考

对消费合理性的研究,是对发展合理性研究的重要组成部分。节约型农业文明消费观念与挥霍型工业文明消费观念形成鲜明对比。当今工业文明消费观念崇尚的高物质消费与高品质生活并不成正比。高品质生活由满足健康生存需要的物质消费、积极向上的精神消费和良好的环境消费三方面构成。单纯追求高物质消费不仅不会获得高品质生活,反而会扭曲和破坏构成高品质生活的其他两个方面——精神消费和环境消费,同时也减少了真正属于自己的闲暇时间,使人更无暇享受生活。单纯追求高物质消费,使当今人类面临生存困境,这一严峻现实迫使我们对当今工业文明消费方式——异化消费进行评价与规范。人类物种生命的延续,是消费合理性的最高评价标准。在地球资源有限的前提下,节约型消费是实现人类可持续生存与发展的消费,是合理的消费。

Ethical Thought on Consumption Idea and Consumption Pattern

The research on rationality of consumption is an integral part of the study of rationality of development.Consumption idea saving agricultural civilization makes a contrast with consumption idea devouring industrial civilization.Today,the idea of industrial civilization consumption advocated that high material consumption and high quality life is not positive correlation.High quality life includes three aspects,which are material consumption that meets the need of healthy living,positive spirit consumption and good environmental consumption.Pursue high material consumption simply not only won’t get high quality life,instead,it will twist and destroy the two other aspects of high quality life-mental consumption and environment consumption,meanwhile,it reduces their own free time,so that they can’t enjoy the life.The severe fact,that simple to pursue high material consumption makes people face the existence dilemma,forces us to evaluate and standardize the industrial civilization consumption-alienated consumption.The highest evaluation standard of rationality consumption is human species continuation.Under the premise of the limited earth resources,economical consumption is a reasonable consumption,as well as can realize the human sustainable survival development.