日本近代产业革命的特点

与原生形态的欧美产业革命不同,后发国日本的产业革命具有轻重工业两次"革命"在难以分割的一个过程中完成的复合型特性,它实际上提供了一种"后发型"资本主义国家产业革命的范式。若从依赖的角度做更为深入的考察,则可指出日本的产业革命具有如下六大特征:通过制度环境创造、国家资本的投入与转移等实现的国家主导;产业技术层面上齐头并进式而非线型追赶的水平移植;始终确保军事工业在国民经济中的优势地位;扶植财阀,支持私人资本垄断;在产业技术引进和资金供给上严重依赖强者;在获取市场和资源上疯狂打压弱者。如此实现的产业革命所积累的各种矛盾,又成为近代日本国家发展方向选择的重要制约因素。

The Characteristics of Japanese Modern Industrial Revolution

It is worthy to study that Japan only spent 25 years to complete the industry revolution which England and French spent more than one century.There are several characteristics for Japanese industry revolution:Firstly,Japan as the follower of industri- al countries completed two"revolutions"in one time;Secondly,the government took the key position in the revolution;Thirdly, Japan moved directly the European models,mihtary industry had been developed first,the financial Magnates monopolized indus- try,Japan relied on the stronger to rob the weaker.