略论士人知识群体的形成及社会属性

春秋战国时期 ,士人知识群体形成 ,大一统的君主专制政权建立 ,代表战国多元文化发展的士人与专制政治发生了冲突 ,秦王朝的焚书坑儒 ,西汉时期的独尊儒术就是冲突的表现形式。西汉武帝采取一系列措施 ,将士人群体置于专制政权设置的规范之中 ,士人群体的社会属性在此时基本确定 ,其社会生活表现出四个方面的特点 :创造和传承文化 ;追求个性独立 ;注重道德修养、追求人格完满 ;积极的用世思想。这些特点成为士人群体与其他阶级、阶层、社会群体的基本区别

The Formation of the Intellectual Groups and Their Social Attributes

s: During the period of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States, the intellectual groups formed, a unified autocratic monarchy power was founded. As a result, intellectuals who stand for the development of multi-culture of the Warring States conflicted with the autocratic politics. Burning books and burying Confucian scholars alive in Qin Dynasty and revering nothing but Confucianism in Western Han are the example of the conflict. The Empire Wudi of the Western Han took a series of actions in order to bring the intellectual groups under the control of his autocracy. And the social attributes of intellectual groups had been basically formed at that time. There are four aspects of characteristics in their social manifestations: First, creating and broadcasting the culture. Second, pursuing their independent individual characters. Third, laying stress on moral training. Fourth, expecting to serve the society. These characteristics made the basic differences between the intellectual groups and other classes, stratum and social groups.