亚当·斯密国际贸易理论的再思考

长期以来,人们对斯密的国际贸易理论存在着误解,认为它是静态理论,不符合现实情况。事实上,斯密从国民经济发展的角度探讨国际贸易及其与经济发展的互动关系,因而具有动态分析的特点。他在其著作《国富论》中表达了比较优势的基本思想,强调“后来获得的”要素及运输成本对一国优势地位和对外贸易的影响,认为不发达的农业国可通过学习和采用先进的生产技术获得优势,主张按具体情况对不同产品实行关税政策和渐进式的自由贸易政策。

Rethinking of Adam Smith's International Trade Theory

Over a long period of time,people misunderstood that Adam Smith's international trade theory was static,and it didn't correspond to reality.In fact,Smith inquired into mutual-acceleration relations between international trade and economy development,so his analysis had dynamic characteristic.In his work Wealth Of Nations,he expressed his comparative advantage thought,stressed the influence of the factors "got afterwards" and transportation cost and techniques tone nation's advantage position and foreign trade,thought that the undeveloped countries could gain advantages by means of studying and employing advanced productive techniques,and advocated to implement protective tariff policy and step-by-step free trade policy to different goods in the light of actual conditions.