国外银行监管者保护制度初探

注重保护银行监管者是新的国际银行立法趋势,其核心是有条件地部分免除银行监管者的法律责任,包括对监管行为相对人和利害相关人的侵权赔偿责任.构建银行监管者保护制度,既要避免银行监管者责任负担过重,也要为其保留一定的责任风险,以刺激其审慎行事的动机,并兼顾受害者的利益.因此,银行监管者不仅应就恶意行为承担责任,亦应就虽属善意但有重大过失的行为承担责任;此外,在判断银行监管者是否承担责任时,应遵循合理性原则.

On overseas regimes to protect bank supervisors

It is a new international trend for banking legislations to protect bank supervisors more strongly,namely,to immunize conditionally and partially them from legal liabilities,including liabilities for damages to the supervised parties and the stakeholders.To develop these regimes,though the aims should been set to reduce the burden of liabilities of bank supervisors,it is necessary to retain liability risk with them to certain extent to stimulate their motives for prudential behaviors and satisfy the interests of the victims.The authors believe that bank supervisors should be accountable to not only supervisory actions done in bad faith,but also ones done in good faith and with gross negligence.Otherwise,the principle of rationality should been observed in judging whether the bank supervisor is liable.