作格分析法研究

一些功能语言学家认为,对一个语言过程进行分析时,可以同时使用及物分析法和作格分析法,且后者是前者的补充。但是,作格现象不是词汇语法层的现象,而是语义层的现象。在语义层上,及物现象和作格现象是一个连续体的两端,地位相等。因此,一个小句该用哪种分析法去分析取决于小句表达的语义的作格程度和及物程度。假如作格程度很高,那么用作格分析法更为适当,反之则用及物分析法。

ON Ergativity

Some functional systemic linguists believe that we can use both transitive and ergative models to analyze a linguistic process,and the latter is complementary to the former.However,this paper argues that ergativity is not lexico-grammatical but semantic.To be more specific,transitivity and ergativity are two poles of a continuum in the semantic stratum.Ergative model is one realizing ergativity just as transitive model realizes transitivity.The two are of equal status.Which model we should employ to analyze a process depends on the degree of ergativity of the process.If a clause shows a high degree of ergativity,then it is better analyzed by the ergative model;if it exhibits a high degree of transitivity,it is better analyzed by the transitive model.