《尧典》与“诗言志”的关系:从一个侧面探索上古辨伪的新思路

“诗言志”是中国诗学的第一个理论命题,对它的研究绕不开它与《尧典》的关系。一般说来,任何历史事件在进入史册以前,都存在一个口耳相传的阶段,我们应该把事实和书写区别开。具体到史前史,我们尤其不能带着文明的偏见,歪曲文字成熟以前的种种人文现象。从地下考古的成绩来看,《尧典》所载尧舜禹的时代是基本可信的;其文明程度也并非我们想象的那么低下。反映诗歌舞合一的“诗言志”由一个熟练掌握这种高度文明的史前历史人物说出来,完全是可能的。

Relation between Yao Dian and "Ideal in Poems": A New Train of Thoughts for Exploration from One Aspect on Ancient Discrimination Methods

The "Ideal in Poems" was the first theoretical proposition in Chinese poetics whose study is closely related to its relation with Yao Dian(or the Chronology of Emperor Yao).Generally speaking,any historic event would have an oral transmitting phase before entering annals,therefore,we should distinguish the fact from its written record.As to the pre-historical history,we are especially not to view it with the prejudice of civilizations to the extent to distort the humanity phenomena before the maturity of the writing.Viewing from the unearthed archaeological result,the times of emperors Yao,Shun and Yu recorded in Yao Dian are basically believable,and the degree of their civilizations are not so low as we have imagined.It is entirely possible for a pre-historical figure who mastered this highly developed civilization to speak out the "Ideal in Poems" which reflects the combination of poem,singing and dancing.