中国古典美学与避暑山庄

中国园林的发展演变,经历了由大变小的过程,这也是“自然天成” 的美学原则形成的过程。到了清代追求质朴自然成为时尚。康熙乾隆构建避暑山庄的万树园时,运用了因势造园的法则。在处理万树园与周围景观关系时,运用了虚实相生和自然过渡的方法,构筑了一幅天然的画图。

Chinese Classical Aesthetics and the Arts of Gardening of the Summer Palace in Chengde City

In the process of the development of Chinese gardening there have been the changes from big sizesto small sizes, which is virtually a process of forming the aesthetic principle of "natural beauty". In the timesof Qing Dynasty this taste of keeping gardens in a simple and natural way became a fashion. When EmperorKang xi and Emperor Qian long respectively constructed the Wanshuyuan Garden in the Summer Palace of Che-ngde, the principle of "taking advantage of the natural geographic conditions" in building up the garden wasapplied. In dealing with the relations between Wanshuyuan Garden and its surrounding scenery a method ofmutual support of "being hollow and being solid" was used to achieve the natural harmony, thus a natural scen-ery picture was naturally drawn.