山东、江苏傩文化区和蒲松龄记述的“巫戏”、“巫风”

根据清康熙年间著名作家蒲松龄诗文中有“巫风”、“巫戏”的记述。本文利用历史文献和田野调查的资料,论证明清及近代山东和江苏傩文化区傩祭、傩戏流行和传播的区域、特点和遗存(如山东微山湖地区的“端鼓腔”,江苏北部的“香火”、“香火戏”,辽宁的“民香”等),并同时探讨戏曲史上迷失了的“齐剧”、“山东姑娘腔”(又称“姑娘戏”、“唱姑娘”等)的踪迹。从而解决蒲松龄诗文中所说的“巫戏”、“巫风”的性质,及其存在的文化背景。

Nuo Culture Area in Shandong and Jiangsu Provinces and Wu Xi and Wu Feng Recorded by PU Songling

PU Songling,the famous writer in Kang Xi Times of Qing Dynasty,gave an account of Wu Feng and Wu Xi.Through the historical documents and practical materials,many aspects about Nuo Culture can be proved,such as Nuo Culture Area in Shandong and Jiangsu provinces in Ming and Qing Dynasties and modern times,where Nuo is offered by the sacrifice;the area where Nuo Xi is broadcasted and popular;the characteristics of Nuo Xi and its historic existence(ie.Duanguqiang in Weishanhu area,Shandong province;Xiang Huo Xi in the north of Jiangsu province;Minxiang in Liaoning province,etc.).Meanwhile,the tracks of Qi Ju,Shangdong Gu'niangqiang(also named Gu'niangxi,Changguniang,etc.)that are lost in opera history are probed.From the study above,the characteristics and the culture backgrounds of Wu Xi and Wu Feng are solved.