从"天人和合"到"心境交融"--佛教心性论影响下中国传统审美形态的转化

中国传统美学在传统的自然思维支配之下缺乏真正的反思思维。这里基本的审美形态是“天人和合”;事物之谓美本质上在于它体现了与“天”或“道”,即作为本体的绝对自然之符合;美的主观性意义完全没有被意识到。佛教心性论的传入和渗透,使中华民族具有了一种真正的精神反思。隋唐以后文艺(尤其是诗歌)就有了一种与传统显著不同的审美经验,即所谓“心境交融”。“心境交融”的审美经验结构建立在反思基础上,它无论从形式还是内容上都是直接来源于禅佛教的精神反思。

Chinese Aesthetic Attitude Renovation under the Influence of Buddhist Mind Philosophy

Traditional Chinese aesthetics lacks a true reflection due to the natural thinking mode of which the dominant aesthetic attitude is a "concord between Tian (nature ) and Ren(human being) ." The beauty of a thing then is essentially at its correspondence with Tian or ' Tao , namely, the original nature. The subjectivity of beauty is lost in such a tradition reasonably, . However, after Sui and Tang dynasties, the Buddhist mind philosophy introduces a true spiritual reflection into Chinese culture which brings Chinese art and literature a new aesthetic experience: the "fusion of Xin(mind) and Jing(world) ." Expounding the structure of this aesthetic experience, this paper makes clear that it is based upon a spiritual reflection, a reflection comes directly from Buddhism either in its form or material.