规范,是语句还是存在？——简析凯尔森一般规范论体系中的混淆

凯尔森的一般规范论体系中始终贯穿着一个混淆：规范是作为语句而存在,还是一种偶然性的事物存在。这一混淆不仅体现在他对规范的定义上,而且也存在于他提出的规范的模式和基质理论以及对规范逻辑问题的分析中。这一方面体现了凯尔森把语言分析作为规范分析基础的思路,另一方面也体现出了他对实证主义法学基本原则的坚持。对他这一混淆的澄清,对于我们研究与规范相关的理论问题有着重要的方法论启示。

Norms, Sentences or Things: Hans Kelsen's Confusion in His General Theory of Norms

There is a confusion in Kelsen’s general theory of norms that norms exist as sentences or accidental things.This confusion is reflected not only in his definition of norms,but also in his theory of the mode of is and ought and the modally indifferent substrate,as well as the analysis to logic of norms.This on the one hand indicates that Kelsen put language analysis as the basis of analizing norms,on the other hand also shows his adhering to principles of positivism.So clarifing this confusion will have a methodologica inspiration for us to study norms.