构建和谐社会中的政策协调问题——以计划生育为例

授利、造福、方便于民的普惠性惠民政策是构建和谐社会的主要手段。但惠民政策的政策过程不尽完善,以致若干惠民政策在一定程度上形成了不利于基本国策执行的导向。这其中尤以计划生育政策受到的影响最突出。文章列举若干惠民政策,总结其对计划生育政策带来的不利影响,并根据和谐社会"公平正义"的目标从政策过程理论角度分析了这种现象的制度成因:未建立有效的政策协调机制,以致"国家义务部门化",基本国策的主要执行部门在这些政策的制定和实施中参与力度不够。在借鉴国内外惠民政策协调经验的基础上,建议建立以"国策上位、区别优惠"为特征的基本国策协调机制,从惠民政策制定和实施的各个方面强化基本国策主要执行部门的参与。

On Policy Coordination in Building a Harmonious Society

While policies of generalized system of preferences(GSP)empowering and benefiting people are important means for building a harmonious society,some of the GSP policies are not consistent or even go contradictory to the national policy of family planning.This paper examines some of the GSP policies that run counter to the family planning policy,and discusses institutional determinants of the inconsistency.Lack of policy coordination mechanisms result in departmentalization of national obligations,and the major executing department of the national policy has not been adequately involved in formulating these GSP policies.Policy suggestions are discussed in the paper.