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“It’s like a bus,going downhill,without a driver”: A qualitative study of how postpartum haemorrhage is experienced by women,their birth partners,and healthcare professionals
Institution:1. Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;2. Department of Women & Children’s Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom;3. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom;4. Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;5. Centre for Midwifery, Child and Family Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia;1. Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Australia, @BrianLaw_Psych;2. School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sports Science), Faculty of Science, The University of Western, Australia;3. Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Western, Australia;4. Peel and Rockingham, Kwinana Mental Health Service, Western Australia, Australia;5. Ngala, Western Australia, Australia;6. Telethon Kids Institute, Western Australia, Australia;7. Cairnmillar Institute, Victoria, Australia;1. School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia;2. Parent-Infant Research Institute (PIRI), Australia and Melbourne School of Psychological Science, University of Melbourne, Australia;3. La Trobe University Library Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3086, Victoria, Australia;1. South Western Sydney Local Health District, NSW, Australia;2. Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia;3. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, NSW, Australia;1. Centenary Hospital for Women and Children, and University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia;2. ACT Government Health Directorate and University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
Abstract:ProblemPostpartum haemorrhage PPH] remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Whilst low-resource settings bear the greatest burden of deaths, women live with associated morbidities in all healthcare settings. Limited data exists regarding the experience for women, their partners, or healthcare professionals HCPs], affected by PPH.AimTo qualitatively investigate the experience of PPH, for women (n = 9), birth partners (n = 4), and HCPs (n = 9) in an inner-city tertiary referral centre. To provide multi-faceted insight into PPH and improve understanding and future care practices.MethodsParticipants were interviewed about their experiences within two weeks of a PPH. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsFour distinct, but related, themes were identified: ‘Knowledge specific to PPH’; ‘Effective and appropriate responses to PPH’; ‘Communication of risk factors’; and ‘Quantifying blood loss’; which collected around a central organising concept of ‘Explaining the indescribable’.DiscussionPPH was viewed as a ‘crisis-style emergency’, generating respectful fear in HCPs, whilst women and partners had little-to-no prior knowledge. Specific PPH knowledge dictated HCPs’ response and risk communication. PPH risks were typically linked to quantification of blood loss, assessment of which varied with acknowledged questionable accuracy. Women’s and partners’ confidence in HCPs’ ability to deal with PPH was unquestionable. Non-verbal communication was highlighted, with HCP body language betraying professional confidence.ConclusionInformation about blood loss during childbirth must be imparted in a sensitive, timely manner. Whilst training for HCPs results in effective PPH management, consideration should be given to their non-verbal cues and the impact of dealing with this stressful, ‘everyday emergency’.
Keywords:Postpartum haemorrhage  Birth experience  Qualitative methods
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