机会空间、基层治理与业主诉讼维权

诉讼维权在某些维度上为业主营造了抗争的机会空间：以“合法律性”赋予业主行动“合法性”；为业主不满情绪的宣泄提供了机会；新闻媒体的关注为诉讼增加了“法律量”。但是，在另一些维度上诉讼维权则限制了业主抗争的机会空间：业主诉讼难以获得实质性的胜利；难以产生动员效应和增强群体认同；难以发挥与政府讨价还价的杠杆效应。总之，在当前的政治机会结构和法律机会结构中，诉讼在更具象征意义的维度上为业主营造了抗争的机会空间；在更具实质意义的维度上却没有营造出明显的机会空间。同时，诉讼维权减轻了基层政府的维稳压力，为其提供了一种制度化应对业主维权的方式，从而为城市基层政府的治理创造了机会结构。

Opportunity Space,Grassroots Governance and Home Owners' Safeguarding Rights through Litigation

Safeguarding rights through litigation create the opportunity space for home owners in some dimensions:the home owners’ action is endowed with “legitimacy” by “legality”,providing opportunities for the venting of home owners’ discontent and increasing “law quantity” by the media.However,safeguarding rights through litigation limit the opportunity space for home owners in other dimensions,for it is hard for home owners to win the key litigations,to generate mobilizing effect,to enhance collective identity,and to generate leverage effect for home owners to bargain with government.Above all,in the current political opportunity structure and legal opportunity structure,litigations create the opportunity space for home owners in more symbolic dimensions while they fail to create the opportunity space in more substantive dimensions.Meanwhile,safeguarding rights through litigation relieve the grassroots government’s pressure of safeguarding stability and can deal with home owners’ safeguarding rights institutionally,which creates opportunity structure for the urban grassroots governance.