近三十年国内预设研究综述

30年来,国内预设研究的历程大致是:由对西方成果的译介到对它的评鉴,再到自己的独立探索。理论研究主要涉及预设的本质特征、种类、投射、功能、预设触发语和预设研究的方法论等;应用研究包括汉语预设研究和语文实践中预设的功能和应用研究。较之国外,其存在的问题:1)理论研究创意不多,研究领域狭窄。2)应用研究"重面轻点"、"重外语轻汉语",构建汉语预设理论体系的意识薄弱,汉语预设触发语分类不科学;预设的语文实践应用研究总体质量不高,言语行为的涉及面偏窄,且彼此重复;存在"预设"概念被泛化、被滥用的现象。3)研究方法落后。今后的研究重点应该是汉语预设理论框架的构建,其努力方向是细化、深化和科学化。

A Review of Presupposition Research in China in the Past 30 Years

In the past 30 years,the research on presupposition in China has followed this course: first,it began with the translation and introduction of the western theories,and then switched to the independent exploration.The academic focus is on the study of its character,type,projection rule,functions,presupposition triggers and the methodology.The applied research involves the study on presupposition in Chinese language,and on presupposition functions and application in philological practice.Compared with the overseas study,there still remain some problems: 1) the theoretical study is lack of creativity and innovation,and the research horizon is narrow;2) the applied study "emphasizes general topics but neglects the specific ones",and "emphasizes foreign languages but ignores Chinese language".Still,the intent is weak of constructing the Chinese presupposition theory system,and the classification of Chinese presupposition triggers is not scientific.In addition,the general quality of the applied research in the philological practice of presupposition is not satisfactory;the reference to the speech act falls short,and lots of study is just simple repetition of the previous work.There still exists a phenomenon that the concept of "presupposition" is too extensive and abusive;3) the research methodology is backward.The future research focus should be on the construction of Chinese presupposition theory.The future research objective should be more detailed,deepened and scientific.