长江三角洲文明化进程中刻符与文字的发展

长江三角洲从新石器时代末期良渚文化,经夏商湖熟、马桥文化,到两周吴越国家的形成,经历的是繁荣-衰弱-再繁荣的文明化进程。在此背景下,陶器刻划符号和文字的发展也经历了不同的阶段并表现出相应特点。新石器时代良渚刻符是长江三角洲史前符号发展阶段最进步的水平;此后马桥文化刻符却并非良渚刻符的后继,而与中原夏商文化有了初步联系;至两周时中原铭刻文字进入该地区,取代原有刻划符号而成为当地的先进认知系统。刻符与文字的这一发展历程,与其文明化的步伐相一致,是文明化进程中的重要组成部分。

The Development of the Carved Symbols and Written Characters in the Process of Civilization of the Yangtze Delta

From Liang-Zhu Culture of the later Neolithic Age through Hu-Shu Culture and Ma-Qiao Culture of Xia and Shang dynasties to the establishment of states and sub-states such as West Zhou,East Zhou and Wuyue,the civilization of the Yangtze Delta undergoes a process of prosperity-adversity-prosperity.Under such background,the development of the carved symbols of pottery and written characters also experiences different phases,which embodies corresponding characteristics.While Liang-Zhu carved symbols of the Neolithic Age represents the most advanced level of prehistoric civilization of the Yangtze delta,Ma-qiao carved symbols,instead of inheriting Liang-Zhu ones,are initially related to Xia-Shang Culture of the Central Plains.Up to the West and East dynasties,with the entrance of the carved characters of the Central Plains,they take the place of original carved symbols and become local advanced recognition system.The developing process of carved symbols and written characters,corresponding to the historic phases,take an important part in civilization.