公共服务平减因子——衡量通货状况时必须考虑的一个重要因素

一、问题的提出准确判断通货膨胀 (或紧缩 )的状况 ,在经济生活中具有非常重要的意义。目前对“通货膨胀”的定义是“纸币的发行量超过流通中所需要的货币量而引起的货币贬值、物价普遍上涨的状况” ,一般以消费物价指数CPI、生产物价指数PPI、GDP平减指数IPD来衡量。这一定义中有一个暗含的论断 :货币购买力的降 (升 )与物价水平的升 (降 )是一致的。但现实经济生活中 ,货币实际购买力降升与物价升降往往并不一致 ,物价虽有上涨但货币实际购买力并未下降的情况基本上是一种常态。如去年 1元 =1公斤面粉或 1份面包焙制服务 ,今年 1元 =…

The Factor Deflating Public Services:An Important Factor to Think of While Measuring Money in Circulation

In societies where, comprehensive free public services are provided and where the after-tax income grows synchronously with the productivity growth, the merchandise ( including material merchandise and service merchandise and assets merchandise) price index will systematically deviate from the welfare price index and from real purchasing power of money index, i. e. the merchandise price index will be higher than the welfare price index. I suggest labeling the gap between the merchandise price index and the welfare price index as “Public Service Deflator”. By detracting the Public Service Deflator, we can eliminate the exaggeration intrinsic in the merchandise price index, and thus make accurate assessment of monetary condition and form appropriate attitude towards the so-called inflation or deflation as presently defined.