论陆游的“无题诗”

唐代以前,文人诗歌创作很少涉足男女情欲的描写。晚唐时期,文人群体笼罩在世纪末的绝望哀伤之中。李商隐大量的“无题”诗所倾诉的,是文人声色享受过程中的男女恋情体验。宋人对“无题”诗的理解大致分为两类:其一,“无题”诗是专门写男女情爱的;其二,不愿意标明诗歌题目的。陆游还原李商隐“无题”诗的本意,他所作的七首“无题”诗,首首写男女情爱。而且,诗风缠绵哀怨,轻灵空濛,隐约委婉。受李商隐诗风影响,陆游“无题”诗的抒情模式也近似歌词。苏轼的词,人称“以诗为词”,陆游的“无题”诗则可称“以词为诗”。

On Lu You's "Untitled" Poems

The poetry creation seldom involves the sexual passion before the Tang dynasty. But during the late Tang period, the literati were enveloped in the fin de siècle despair. What was expressed in the large number of Li Shangyin’s “untitled” poems was just the experience of romantic love during sexual pleasures. There were two kinds of understanding of the “untitled” poems: one is that the poems especially mean to narrate the love between men and women, and the second is that the poet was unwilling to indicate the purpose of the poems. Lu You returned to the original meaning of Li Shangyin’s “untitled” poems, and each of the seven “untitled” poems written by him narrated the love between men and women with the sentimental, graceful and mild style. Influenced by the genre of Li Shangyin’s poems, the mode of Lu You’s “untitled” poems was also similar to lyrics. Su Shi’s ci is called “ci as poem”, and Lu You’s “untitled” poems can be called “poem as ci”.