马来西亚非政府组织的演变

到20世纪80年代,马来西亚的社会福利组织让位于政治性非政府组织,许多现代非政府组织不断出现并发挥着重要作用,但它们脱胎于长久存在的社会网络和组织.新经济政策中族群关系的政治制度性安排使得国家发展资源在马来人和非马来人之间分配不平衡,为了弥补公共服务和发展资源的差距,许多发展型非政府组织在非马来人社会建立起来,从而形成了非政府组织在族群间分布不平衡的"二元结构"; 政府"发展霸权"渗透到以马来人为主的乡村地区,给非政府组织在乡村的发展留下极其有限的活动空间,促使马来西亚非政府组织在地理分布上形成不均衡的城乡"二元结构". 90年代初出台的国民发展政策鼓励利用私人部门的积极性和创造性;冷战后全球结社革命和信息化革命促进全球化向深度发展,这些冷战后内外因素的结合促进了马来西亚非政府组织的进一步演变.

The Evolution of NGOs in Malaysia

In Malaysia,little heed had been paid to associational life until 'social welfare bodies' gave way to more political NGOs by the 1980s,and the emergence of these organizations was regarded as a new phenomenon.While the specific shape of many contemporary NGOs and the roles they play may be new,they are often built upon social networks and associations with a long history.Ethnic relationship between the Malays and the non-Malays was politically institutionised by the bumiputra policy,and the resources availa...