安全文化缘起及国内安全文化研究建设现状

与安全科技相对应,安全文化源于对科技理性的负面思考。现代意义上的安全文化研究与建设自苏联切尔诺贝利核事故后就一直方兴未艾,在专业领域、行业、地域等方面都有很大突破,发达国家尤其如此。中国安全文化研究与建设比较滞后,但也有所成就和发展,在安全文化研究方面:从主要由政府部门推动转向以学界研究为主,从煤矿为主转向其他领域研究,从单一或几类学科为主转向多学科既分又合的研究,有关著述和调研以及研讨会多头并举;在安全文化建设方面:政府—企业—个体之间互动构建,宏观上的安全法律法规与中观上的安全管理制度在逐步完善,社会与企业组织的安全文化活动丰富多彩。总之,安全文化研究与建设有利于社会安全发展、和谐发展。

The origin of Safety Culture and the Contemporary Situation of Safety Cultural Studies and Its Construction in China

Safety culture,corresponding to safety science & technology,is from the rational ponderation of the negative effect of science & technology.Since the accident of Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union,the study and construction of modern safety culture have been going on unceasingly,and making some breakthroughs at certain specialities,fields and regions etc,especially in developed countries.In China,the study and construction of safety culture has its characteristics.Its studies have been transformed from governments to academy,from coal-mine field to others,from single subject to multiple ones,its outcomes and research and forums going together.Its constructions have some points: its interactional constructing among government-enterprise-individuality,safety laws and regulations and management institutions being perfected,its programs being more and more.In a word,the study and construction of safety culture are advantageous to social safe and harmonious development.