基于人口迁流特征的环洞庭湖区县域城镇化的类型分析

改革开放以来，我国人口迁流带有明显异地城镇化的性质，这种跨大区域的异地城镇化对人口移人区和人口移出区的影响是不同的。文章以环洞庭湖区为例，在第六次人口普查县域资料的基础上，定量分析了人口净移出区县域人口净移出率与城镇化率之间的空间关系：按县域人口内移指数——城镇人口净移入与农村人口净移出之间的比例关系，将本区城镇化划分为主动型城镇化、内移为主的被动型城镇化、外移为主的被动型城镇化和衰退型城镇等类型；并探讨了各类城镇化的人口迁流特征、动力机制和综合效益：在此基础上，提出了环洞庭湖区合理推进城镇化的对策。

The Urbanization Types of the Counties in Dong Ting Lake Area According to the Characters of Population Migration

Population migration in China shows clear character of nonlocal urbanization since 1978, and the cross region urbanization exerted different impacts on immigrant and emigrant areas. Based on the data from 6th national census of DongTing Lake Area, this article analyses the spatial relationship between population migration rate in the rural areas and urbanization. The population internal migration index, the proportion of net immigration into the Urban to the net emigration rate in the rural, classifies the urbanization in the area into four types： initiative population urbanization, passive population urbanization dominated by internal migration, passive population urbanization dominated by cross-region migration, and deteriorative population urbanization. Each type of urbanization has their own characters, dynamic mechanisms and comprehensive efficiency and the reasonable measures to promote urbanization in this area are put forward accordingly.