Are white evangelical Protestants lower class? A partial test of church-sect theory |
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Institution: | 1. The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA;2. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;3. Australia Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia |
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Abstract: | Testing hypotheses derived from church-sect theory and contemporary research about changes in evangelical Protestants’ social status, I use repeated cross-sectional survey data spanning almost four decades to examine changes in the social-class hierarchy of American religious traditions. While there is little change in the social-class position of white evangelical Protestants from the early 1970s to 2010, there is considerable change across birth cohorts. Results from hierarchical age–period–cohort models show: (1) robust, across-cohort declines in social-class differences between white evangelical Protestants and liberal Protestants, affiliates of “other” religions, and the unaffiliated, (2) stability in social-class differences between white evangelical Protestants and moderate, Pentecostal, and nondenominational Protestants, (3) moderate across-cohort growth in social-class differences between white evangelical Protestants and Catholics, and (4) these patterns vary across indicators of social class. The findings in this article provide partial support for church-sect theory as well as other theories of social change that emphasize the pivotal role of generations. |
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Keywords: | Religion Social class Generations Social change Evangelical Protestant |
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