语境中动词重叠的考察

动词重叠与不重叠,采取什么方式重叠,都受一定因素的影响和制约,这些因素是多方面的,归纳起来主要有动词的语义、结构以及它所出现的语境三个方面。语义、结构是决定动词重叠的内在因素,是静态的,而语境则是影响动词重叠的外在因素,是动态的。对语境因素的考察主要从语体、句式、时态、句法功能、语言心理环境等方面来进行。从语体来看,口语体的重叠明显多于书面语体;而一些在其它场合不能重叠的动词,在有些否定句、致使句和能愿句中却能重叠;在一些未然动作的场合,可重叠的动词范围更广;此外,句法功能和表示说话人意图的语言心理环境对动词重叠也有一定的影响和制约。

Investigation of Verb- Overlapping in Context

Verb overlapping and non-overlapping,and what mode can be adopted are influenced and restricted by certain factors.These factors are varied,mainly including semantic meaning,structure of verbs and the context they appear;the former two are internal factors,static,and the latter one external and dynamic.The paper undertakes to investigate context factors in type of writing,sentence pattern,tense,syntactic function,and psychology of language.In style of language,the overlapping of colloquial style obviously is more than writing;some verbs that cannot be overlapped in other situations are able to lap over in some negative sentences,causative sentences and modal sentences;in some imperfective aspect,overlapping verbs cover far more scope;in addition,syntactic function and speaker's state of language and mind all have influence on and restriction of overlapping of verbs.