委婉语的生态语言学解读

世界上存在着类似生物群落一样的语言群落,每个语言群落中包括许多语言个体及其变异形式,每种语言个体或其变异形式又包括各种各样的语言形式,委婉语就是一种具有避讳、掩饰、礼貌等诸多语用功能的间接语言形式.与生物物种的发展进化一样,委婉语在其发展的过程中也遵循生态学规律：委婉语间相互竞争,竞争的结果不仅使弱势委婉语走向衰落与消亡,同时也促进了现存委婉语“生态特征”的多样化,委婉语的产生、多样性特点、再委婉现象、语码转换机制、创新,都是与其赖以生存的整个语言生态系统协同进化的结果,其存在符合事物发展的基本规律.

Interpretation of euphemism from the perspective of eco-linguistics

Similar to biological communities, there are many language communities in the world. Each language community includes many languages and their variants, which also include various forms of language, among which euphemism is a kind of indirect language form possessing many pragmatic functions such as avoiding taboo, politeness and hiding. Identical to the evolution of biological species, euphemism also follows ecological laws in its development, as it competes with each other, not only resulting in the weak euphemism to weaken and die out but also promoting the diversification of the existing ecology of euphemism. The emergence, diversity, re - euphemisization, code - switch mechanism and innovation of euphemism are the result of the co - evolution of euphemism and the whole language ecosystem on which it depends, indicating that the existence of euphemism follows the basic law of development.