公元12世纪之前渭水上游生态环境演变初探

渭水上游地区历史上曾经"山林川谷美,天材之利多",从而成为中华民族文明的发祥地之一。《资治通鉴》记载隋唐时期"天下称富庶者莫如陇右"。然而后来,由于自然因素的变化,特别是人类长期不科学的开发,以致"山川顿失真面目",从而使该地区生态环境日趋恶化,灾害频发,经济社会发展也受到了严重制约,导致近代"陇中疾苦甲天下"景况的出现。揭示演变特点,反思历史,为我们保护环境实现科学发展提供珍贵的历史借鉴。

A Study on Ecological Evolution of Upriver of Wei River before the 12th Century

In history, the area at the upper Wei River in eastern Gansu Province was once depicted as ＂ mountains and forests as well as rivers are elegant; natural resources and products are abundant＂ , with the result that this region became one of the birthplace cradles of Chinese civilization. As stated in A General Reflection for Political Administration, ＂no places can be richer and more popu- lous than Longyou in the world＂ , which showed the prosperous scenes in Sui and Tang dynasties. Later on, however, due to the changes of natural factors, especially the unscientific exploitation from human beings for ages, landscapes lost all their real features and e- cology environment of this region deteriorated gradually. Besides, the vegetative cover decreased gradually and disasters happened frequently, which seriously restricted the economic and social development and led to the situation that ＂sufferings in Longzhong are the most serious＇during late Qing Dynasty. Revelation of evolution features and introspection of history can provide us with precious history lessons to enhance today＇ s environmental protection and practice scientific development.