脱贫民族地区韧性乡村建设:逻辑、测度与进路

基于脱贫民族地区乡村社会所处的战略意境、风险环境和问题情境，以生计韧性、产业韧性、生态韧性、文化韧性、组织韧性五大要素构建韧性乡村评价体系，并运用熵值法、多因素综合评价法对2011—2020年大湘西地区韧性乡村建设水平进行综合测度。研究发现：样本地区韧性乡村建设水平持续提升并呈现阶段性特征，“十三五”时期提升幅度较为显著；各维度韧性贡献力呈不均衡发展趋势且建设水平差异明显，文化韧性、生计韧性和产业韧性是推动韧性乡村建设水平持续提升的主要动力源泉；空间分异特征显著，总体呈现出以“芷江侗族自治县-中方县-溆浦县”一线为分界线且南高北低的空间分布格局。脱贫民族地区应厚植内生性韧性治理理念，构筑高质量韧性乡村要素体系，完善多元化韧性乡村系统功能，打造一体化韧性乡村空间协同机制，促进韧性乡村建设向更高层次、更高水平和更高质量迈进。

Resilient Villages Construction in Poverty Alleviation Ethnic Minority Regions: Logic, Measurement and Approach

By systematically investigating the strategic artistic conception, risk environment and problem situation of rural society in poverty-stricken ethnic minority areas, and drawing on relevant research results in academia, a resilient rural evaluation system is constructed based on five factors: livelihood resilience, industrial resilience, ecological resilience, cultural resilience and organizational resilience. In addition, entropy method and multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method are used to comprehensively measure the construction level of resilient villages in western Hunan from 2011 to 2020. The findings are as follows: the overall level of resilient rural construction continues to improve and shows phased characteristics, and the improvement rate is more significant in the ″13th Five-Year Plan″ period; The contribution rate of resilience in each dimension shows an unbalanced development trend and the difference in construction level is obvious.Cultural resilience,livelihood resilience and industrial resilienceare the main driving forces for the continuous improvement of the construction level of resilient villages. The spatial differentiation has significant characteristics but little change, showing a spatial distribution pattern with the line of ″Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County-Zhongfang County-Xupu County″ as the dividing line while the south is high and the north is low. Therefore, ethnic areas out of poverty should cultivate the concept of endogenous resilient governance, build a high-quality resilient rural element system, improve the functions of the diversified resilient rural system, build an integrated resilient rural spatial coordination mechanism, and promote the construction of resilient villages to a higher level, higher level and higher quality.